General Richard Montgomery and the American Revolution. Hal T. Shelton
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General Richard Montgomery and the American Revolution
The American Social Experience S E R I E S
General Editor: JAMES KIRBY MARTIN
Editors: PAULA S. FASS, STEVEN H. MINTZ, CARL PRINCE, JAMES W. REED & PETER N. STEARNS
1. The March to the Sea and Beyond: Sherman’s Troops in the Savannah and Carolinas Campaigns JOSEPH T. GLATTHAAR
2. Childbearing in American Society: 1650–1850 CATHERINE M. SCHOLTEN
3. The Origins of Behaviorism: American Psychology, 1870–1920 JOHN M. O’DONNELL
4. New York City Cartmen, 1667–1850 GRAHAM RUSSELL HODGES
5. From Equal Suffrage to Equal Rights: Alice Paul and the National Woman’s Party, 1910–1928 CHRISTINE A. LUNARDINI
6. Mr. Jefferson’s Army: Political and Social Reform of the Military Establishment, 1801–1809 THEODORE J. CRACKEL
7. “A Peculiar People”: Slave Religion and Community- Culture among the Gullahs MARGARET WASHINGTON CREEL
8. “A Mixed Multitude”: The Struggle for Toleration in Colonial Pennsylvania SALLY SCHWARTZ
9. Women, Work, and Fertility, 1900–1986 SUSAN HOUSEHOLDER VAN HORN
10. Liberty, Virtue, and Progress: Northerners and Their War for the Union EARL J. HESS
11. Lewis M. Terman: Pioneer in Psychological Testing HENRY L. MINTON
12. Schools as Sorters: Lewis M. Terman, Applied Psychology, and the Intelligence Testing Movement, 1890–1930 PAUL DAVIS CHAPMAN
13. Free Love: Marriage and Middle-Class Radicalism in America, 1825–1860 JOHN C. SPURLOCK
14. Jealousy: The Evolution of an Emotion in American History PETER N. STEARNS
15. The Nurturing Neighborhood: The Brownsville Boys Club and Jewish Community in Urban America, 1940–1990 GERALD SORIN
16. War in America to 1775: Before Yankee Doodle JOHN MORGAN DEDERER
17. An American Vision: Far Western Landscape and National Culture, 1820–1920 ANNE FARRAR HYDE
18. Frederick Law Olmsted: The Passion of a Public Artist MELVIN KALFUS
19. Medical Malpractice in Nineteenth-Century America: Origins and Legacy KENNETH ALLEN DE VILLE
20. Dancing in Chains: The Youth of William Dean Howells RODNEY D. OLSEN
21. Breaking the Bonds: Marital Discord in Pennsylvania, 1730–1830 MERRIL D. SMITH
22. In the Web of Class: Delinquents and Reformers in Boston, 1810s–1830s ERIC C. SCHNEIDER
23. Army of Manifest Destiny: The American Soldier in the Mexican War, 1846–1848 JAMES M. MCCAFFREY
24. The Dutch-American Farm DAVID STEVEN COHEN
25. Independent Intellectuals in the United States, 1910–1945 STEVEN BIEL
26. The Modern Christmas in America: A Cultural History of Gift Giving WILLIAM B. WAITS
27. The First Sexual Revolution: The Emergence of Male Heterosexuality in Modern America KEVIN WHITE
28. Bad Habits: Drinking, Smoking, Taking Drugs, Gambling, Sexual Misbehavior, and Swearing in American History JOHN C. BURNHAM
29. General Richard Montgomery and the American Revolution: From Redcoat to Rebel HAL T. SHELTON
Richard Montgomery, portrait engraved by E. Mackenzie from the
original oil by C. W. Peale. Courtesy of the New-York Historical
Society, New York, N.Y.
General Richard Montgomery and the American Revolution
From Redcoat to Rebel
HAL T. SHELTON
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY PRESS
New York and London
Copyright © 1994 by New York University
All rights reserved
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Shelton, Hal T. (Hal Terry), 1935-
General Richard Montgomery and the American revolution : from redcoat to rebel / Hal T. Shelton.
p. cm. — (The American social experience series ; 29)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8147-7975-1
1. Montgomery, Richard, 1738-1775. 2. Generils—United States-Biography. 3. United States. Continental Army—Biography. 4. Canadian Invasion, 1775-1776. I. Title. II. Series.
E207.M7S48 1994
97 3.3’092— dc20
[B] 93”3°767
CIP
New York University Press books are printed on acid-free paper,
and their binding materials are chosen for strength and durability.
Manufactured in the United States of America
10 9 8 7 6 5 4
To the memory of my late father, William Oble Shelton—my first mentor, and one who serves as my continuing reference point.
Acknowledgments
Like all authors, I amassed a tremendous debt of gratitude during the production of this volume. The many persons who contributed to the fulfillment of this work are too numerous to individually credit here. However, some deserve singular recognition.
This book grew out of my doctoral dissertation, completed at the University of Houston. All historians are products of their education and teachers. Thus, an acknowledgment of the most influential individuals who helped me mold my career is in order. First and foremost, I would like to thank my academic advisor and friend, James Kirby Martin, Professor of History, University of Houston, who gave unstintingly of his time and expertise to inspire and motivate me in this effort. While I was his student and graduate assistant, he demonstrated to me the attributes of a true scholar—devoted to teaching, research, and writing. I consider myself extremely fortunate to have become associated with him and reaped the benefits of his knowledge and guidance. He will always stand in my estimation as the epitome of an educator