A book in the American Literatures Initiative (ALI), a collaborative publishing project of NYU Press, Fordham University Press, Rutgers University Press, Temple University Press, and the University of Virginia Press. The Initiative is supported by The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation. For more information, please visit www.americanliteratures.org.

      To Amisha

      To Kimberley

      There is no subject so interesting and important to the real lovers of their country, as that of slavery, because there is none which involves the happiness, prosperity and glory of our country in so great a degree—none attended with so many difficulties in remedying. It is admitted by all parties, slave-holders or not, that slavery is the greatest curse our country is afflicted with—it is a foul stain upon our national escutcheon—A canker which is corroding the moral and political vitals of our country. There is but one voice on this subject, and that is the voice of condemnation, as an enormous, and an alarming evil.

      —Daniel Raymond, The Missouri Question

      It has been made a question among the learned, whether most good or evil has resulted to mankind, from the discovery of America. That the munificent gift of a new world, should have given rise to such a question, is of itself a melancholy proof of human depravity.

      Although there may be no serious difficulty in deciding this question, yet, when we consider what oceans of blood have been shed—how many human beings have been butchered—how many nations of brave, high-minded men have been exterminated; and when we add to this the mass of human suffering which has been already caused by negro slavery, the philanthropist is almost ready to drop the tear of regret, and exclaim, alas, that America was ever discovered!

      —Daniel Raymond, Thoughts on Political Economy

      Contents

      Acknowledgments

      Burrology—Extracts

      Introduction

      1. The Semiotics of the Founders

      2. Hors Monde, or the Fantasy Structure of Republicanism

      3. Female Quixotism and the Fantasy of Region

      4. Burr’s Formation, 1800–1804

      5. Burr’s Deployment, 1804–1807

      Conclusion

      Notes

      About the Authors

      Acknowledgments

      Portions of this project were presented at the Bucknell University English Department and Faculty Colloquium, the University of Florida English Department’s Americanists’ Colloquium, the Aaron Burr Association, Indiana University’s Center for Eighteenth-Century Studies, the Research Center for Urban Cultural History at the University of Massachusetts at Boston, the University of Texas at Austin, Emory University, the University of Glasgow, Rutgers University, the University of Wisconsin–Madison, American University in Beirut, and Tulane University. From colleagues too numerous to attempt to list here—they include faculty, graduate students, and undergraduates—we received generous and thoughtful suggestions and insights, essential to the growth of this project, and all through a time of widespread institutional austerity. We thank student assistants Emily Anderson, Deanna Koretsky, and Stephanie Scherer for their hard work. We owe our thanks, as well, to University of Florida students in ENG 3011 and AML 6017 and Bucknell University students in ENG 306. A version of chapter 2 appeared as “Secret Witness, or the Fantasy Structure of US Republicanism,” in Early American Literature 44.2 (2009): 333–63. We thank the anonymous reviewers, David Shields, departing from the journal’s editorship, and Sandra Gustafson, entering, for their help. A portion of chapter 4 appeared as “The Constitution of Toussaint: Another Origin of African American Literature,” in A Companion to African American Literature, ed. Gene Jarrett, 59–74 (New York: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010). We are grateful to Gene for his suggestions and encouragement. We are grateful, too, at NYU Press, to the series editors, Priscilla Wald, David Kazanjian, and Elizabeth McHenry, as well as to Eric Zinner and Alicia Nadkarni.

      The Traumatic Colonel began with a conversation in October of 2005. Since then, we have worked in fits and starts, time permitting, with hours on the phone, hundreds of emails,