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      Design of Gesture-Based Hand Gloves Using Arduino UNO: A Grace to Abled Mankind

       Harpreet Singh Bedi*, Dekkapati Vinit Raju, Nandyala Meghanath Reddy C. Partha Sai Kumar and Mandla Ravi Varma

       SEEE, Lovely Professional University, Punjab, India

       Abstract

      Nowadays, technology and science are advancing at a rapid pace. The advancing or smart technology is “augmenting” the way of living in society. People need “smart” solutions to their problems. So, in this chapter, we would like to introduce a paradigm of smart technology, gesture-based wheelchair using Arduino UNO. The ideology is to introduce a wheelchair where physically challenged, deaf and mute or elderly people, can control the wheelchair and send an emergency message or SOS using GSM module, and a nearby person can see the emergency message on the LCD. The abovementioned tasks can be performed using hand gestures. This enables the disabled person to drive the wheelchair and move from one place to another with more efficiency. The proposed idea is to be comprised with comfort and mobility to the person in the wheelchair. Arduino UNO is the microcontroller which interfaces the components and performs tasks; flux sensors detect the hand gestures; MEMS sensor is used to convert digital signals into mechanical tasks; motor IC drives the motors; and GSM module sends the message to the responsible person. This makes our idea to be cost efficient compared to the joystick-controlled or voice-controlled wheelchair.

      Keywords: Arduino, hand gloves, wheel chair, drives, motors

3.1 Introduction

      The age of modern science has brought massive technological changes by utilizing modern electrical, electronic, and mechanical systems. In recent time, approximately 2.78% of the population require a wheelchair especially for elderly and disabled people. Embedded systems and digital information technology are becoming more relevant in our daily lives [1].

      A special purpose system in which the computer is fully embedded to the unit or system it controls is known as an embedded system. These automated systems have made our lives much more convenient and relaxed. Traditional wheelchairs, as we all know, have several drawbacks in terms of versatility, bulkiness, and functionality. Here, we are developing a clever approach to allowing users to use hand motions and sync them with the movement of the wheelchair [2]. The idea is to provide a wheelchair which provides more mobility, and it will make people familiar with the machine, in the future. We can improve the mobility and usability of wheelchair with high accuracy [3].

      A gesture-driven hand glove is a device that can be controlled using hand movements rather than the traditional keypad system [4]. Humans are frantically trying to come up with new ways to communicate with computers. In real life, it is a debilitating issue for a paralyzed person [5]. So, these types of systems are getting better and better with time. When movements were used for this interaction in this implementation, it resulted in a significant breakthrough. We present a method for controlling a mechanized wheelchair using only finger movements [6, 7]. This article aims to develop a prototype for a smart wheelchair-using idea from embedded systems to control it which is very useful for physically handicapped people [8].

      3.1.1 Block Diagram

      Arduino UNO: It is an open-source electronic device and has an onboard 8-bit ATmega328p, where it allows anyone to perform their own projects. It comprises a crystal oscillator, serial communication, voltage regulator, etc., to support Arduino UNO. Arduino IDE is a platform where one can program the Arduino UNO for the desired outcomes.

      Flex Sensors: A flex sensor is a low-cost, simple-to-use sensor that measures the amount of bending or variations in resistance caused by bending.

      MEMS Sensors: These are low-cost inertial sensors with high precision that are used in a wide variety of industrial applications. These sensors sense external stimuli and carry out mechanical tasks.

Figure 3.1. Block diagram of gesture-based hand gloves using Arduino UNO.

      DC Motors: Compared to stepping motors, DC motors are faster, cost efficient, and compact in size.

      GSM module: This module is widely used in Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded systems projects. Using AT commands, one can read, write, or delete SMS messages.

      LCD Display: It is low cost and easy to program. It is an alphanumeric display which can print both alphabet and numbers.

      3.1.2 The Proposed New Design

      The new design was implemented for a variety of reasons, including both functional and ethical concerns. A simple and proven technology, as well as corresponding precision control, are integrated into the practical consideration of the equipment. The equipment is easier to manage and operate with because of the more efficient, easy-to-understand implementation [9]. The approach is also cost-effective, user-friendly, and simple to explain to people who are engineers. This design aims to solve the issue by creating a smart wheelchair that is different and special to disabled people, allowing them to travel around their neighborhood, workplaces, and markets without feeling any less important than other people due to their disability [10].

      3.1.3 Circuit Diagram

Figure 3.2. Circuit diagram of gesture-based hand gloves using Arduino UNO.

3.2 Result and Discussion

      The

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