On the Philosophy of Discovery, Chapters Historical and Critical. William Whewell
Читать онлайн книгу.
Aristotle, did not descend from this line, but were Ionics and true Greeks, of whom the first was Thales Milesius.... Socrates, according to Augustine in his 8th book, is related to have been a disciple of Archelaus. This Socrates is called the father of the great philosophers, since he was the master of Plato and Aristotle, from whom all the sects of philosophers descended.... Plato, first learning what Socrates and Greece could teach, made a laborious voyage to Egypt, to Archytas of Tarentum and Timæus, as says Jerome to Paulinus. And this Plato is, according to holy men, preferred to all philosophers, because he has written many excellent things concerning God, and morality, and a future life, which agree with the divine wisdom of God. And Aristotle was born before the death of Socrates, since he was his hearer for three years, as we read in the life of Aristotle.... This Aristotle, being made the master of Alexander the Great, sent two thousand men into all regions of the earth, to search out the nature of things, as Pliny relates in the 8th book of his
68
69
70
71
See
72
Part ii.
73
Parts iv. v. and vi.
74
75
76
77
78
79
"Veritates magnificas in terminis aliarum scientiarum in quas per nullam viam possunt illæ scientiæ, hæc sola scientiarum domina speculativarum, potest dare."
80
One of the ingredients of a preparation here mentioned, is the flesh of a dragon, which it appears is used as food by the Ethiopians. The mode of preparing this food cannot fail to amuse the reader. "Where there are good flying dragons, by the art which they possess, they draw them out of their dens, and have bridles and saddles in readiness, and they ride upon them, and make them bound about in the air in a violent manner, that the hardness and toughness of the flesh may be reduced, as boars are hunted and bulls are baited before they are killed for eating."
81
82
Quoted by Jebb,
83
Mosheim,
84
85
Mosheim, iii. 161.
86
Gratian published the
87
Tenneman, ix. 4.
88
Tenneman, ix. 25.
89
"Jam nobis manifestum est terram istam in veritate moveri," &c.—
90
91
92
Born in 1433.
93
Born 1529, died 1597.
94
95
Tiraboschi, t. vii. pt. ii. p. 411.
96
"Franciscus Patricius, novam veram integram de universis conditurus philosophiam, sequentia uti verissima prænuntiare est ausus. Prænunciata ordine persecutus, divinis oraculis, geometricis rationibus, clarissimisque experimentis comprobavit.
His other works are
97
Tiraboschi, t. vii. pt. ii. p. 411.
98
99
Tenneman, ix. 148.
100
Tenneman, ix. 167.
101
102
Agrippa,
103
Written in 1526.
104
Philip Aurelius Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim, also called Paracelsus Eremita, born at Einsiedlen in Switzerland, in 1493.
105
106
Tenneman, ix. 221.
107
Tenneman, ix. 265.
108
Bernardini Telesii Consentini
109
I take this account from Tenneman: this Proem was omitted in subsequent editions of Telesius, and is not in the one which I have consulted. Tenneman,
110
Proem.
111
"De Principiis atque Originibus secundum fabulas Cupidinis et Cœli: sive Parmenidis et Telesii et præcipuè Democriti Philosophia tractata in Fabula de Cupidine."
112
"Talia sunt qualia possunt esse ea quæ ab intellectu sibi permisso, nec ab experimentis continenter et gradatim sublevato, profecta videntur."
113
Thom. Campanella
114
115
Tenneman, ix. 305.
116
117
118
119
Tenneman, ix. 108.
120
121
Tenneman, ix. 420. "Quæcunque ab Aristotele dicta essent commenticia esse." Freigius,
122
Rami,