Vladimir Jabotinsky's Russian Years, 1900-1925. Brian J. Horowitz
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mentioning that in Herzl, Ahad-Ha’am, and Ussishkin, Jabotinsky had created for himself a combination of three spiritual fathers—political, intellectual, and practical. Although he was still a novice in politics, he modeled himself on strong men who had a great deal to teach him.
Notes
1.Michael Heymann, ed., The Uganda Controversy: Minutes of the Zionist General Council. 2 vols. (Jerusalem: Hassifriya Haziyonit, 1977).
2.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: Congress sionistov. Ot nashego korrespondenta,” Odesskie Novosti (August 19, 1903); “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: ‘Mizrakhi.’ Ot nashego korresp.,” Odesskie Novosti (August 20, 1903); “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: Gertsl’ i Neinsager’y,” Odesskie Novosti (August 23, 1903).
3.Gur Alroey, Zionism without Zion: The Jewish Territorial Organization and Its Conflict with the Zionist Organization (Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2016), 31–44.
4.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: Shestoi kongress sionistov” in Jabotinsky, Polnoe sobranie sochinenii v deviati tomakh (Minsk: Met, 2007), 3:376–377.
5.Ibid., 377.
6.Yehuda Slutzky, Ha-itonut ha-yehudit-rusit be-reshit be-mea ha-esrim (1900–1918) (Tel Aviv: Ha-aguda le-haker toldot ha-yihudim, 1978), 204–218.
7.Yehiel Chlenov, Sion i afrika na shestom kongresse (Moscow: Poplavskii, 1905), 28.
8.A somewhat different impression was given by Yehiel Chlenov. See note 7.
9.Jabotinsky, “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: Gertsl’,” 399.
10.Ibid., 400.
11.Ibid., 402–403.
12.Ibid., 402.
13.Ibid., 391–92.
14.Jabotinsky, “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: Gertsl’,” 392.
15.There are many articles on Vladimir Solov’ev and the Jews, see Brian. Horowitz, “Vladimir Solov’ev and the Jews: A View from Today,” The Russian-Jewish Tradition: Intellectuals, Historians, Revolutionaries (Boston: Academic Studies, 2017), 198–214.
16.Jabotinsky, “Bazel’skie vpechatleniia: Gertsl’” 393.
17.Ibid.
18.Ibid., 403.
19.Letter of Vladimir Jabotinsky to Kornei Chukovsky, December 10, 1903. Jabotinsky Institute Archives.
20.Yitzhak Greenbaum, “Me-Varsha ad Helsingfors (shalosh veidot rishonot shel tsionim be-rusya),” Katsir: Kovets le-Korot 1:33.
21.Yehiel Chlenov, Polozhenie sionizma v Rossii: k vii-mu kongresu (St. Petersburg: Ts. Kraiz, 1905), 21.
22.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “Hêsped,” Evreiskaia Zhizn’ 13 (April 3, 1905): 8. “Im eshkahech Yerushalayim”—the line in Hebrew from Psalm 137:5, “If I forget you Jerusalem.” The psalm continues, “May my right hand forget its cunning.” Herzl made this the cornerstone of his speech at the Sixth Zionist Congress in order to undercut those who accused him of indifference to Palestine for promoting East Africa as a possible place of settlement.
23.Jabotinsky called his 1927 memoir about the Jewish Legion Slovo o polku, again using the East Slavic saga for his own purposes.
24.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “Sidia na polu . . .,” Evreiskaia Zhizn’ 6 (June 1904): 15.
25.Ibid., 17.
26.Jabotinsky, Story of My Life, 23.
27.Michael Stanislawski, Zionism and the Fin de Siècle: Cosmopolitanism and Nationalism from Nordau to Jabotinsky (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2001), 119.
28.Jabotinsky, Story of My Life, 23–24.
29.Vladimir Jabotinsky, Was wollen die Zionisten-Revisionisten (Paris: Polyglotte, 1926), 16.
30.Ibid., 3.
31.Israel Klausner, Opozitsiya le-Herzl (Jerusalem: Akhiever, 1960), 6–7.
32.Chlenov, Sion i Afrika, 28.
33.Jabotinsky, Polozhenie sionizma, 19. Information on Yehiel Chlenov can be found in Yehiel Tchlenov: Perkei hayav u’feulato, zichronot, ktavim, neumim, mikhtavim, 1863–1918 (Tel Aviv: Eretz Israel, 1937).
34.Shlomo Avineri, Herzl’s Vision and the Foundation of the Jewish State (New York: BlueBridge, 2017), 12.
35.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “Sionizm i Palestina,” Evreiskaia Zhizn’ 2 (February 1904): 219.
36.Jabotinsky, Story of My Life, 73.
37.Svetlana Natkovich, Ben aneney Zohar: Yetsirato shel Vladimir (Ze’ev) Z’abotinski ba-heksher ha-hevrati (Jerusalem: Magnes, 2015), 95. It is worth wondering why the Petersburg police did not have authorization to arrest and send him to Odessa. The tsarist secret police, Okhrana, had a file on Jabotinsky that apparently continued until 1915. In 1905, Jabotinsky was tracked, as were other Zionists and revolutionaries. Matityahu Mintz, “Al shum ma hithakta ha-Okhrana’ ha-tsarit al tse’avdav shel Z’abotinski?,” in Ish be-sa’ar: Masot u’mekharim ‘al Ze’ev Z’abotinski, ed. Avi Bareli and Pinhas Ginossar (Ber-Sheva: Universitat Ben-Guryon ba’Negev, 2004), 450–455.
38.Benjamin Nathans, Beyond the Pale: The Jewish Encounter with Late Imperial Russia (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004), 17.
39.Slutzky, Ha-itonut ha-yehudit rusit be-mea ha-esrim, 203–267. On subscriptions to Jewish newspapers see Vladimir Levin, “Verbreitung jüdischer Zeitschriften in Rußland: Sprache versus Geographie,” in Die jüdische Presse im europäischen Kontext, 1686–1900, ed. Susanne Marten-Finnis and Marcus Winkler (Bremen: Edition lumière, 2006), 101–116.
40.Jabotinsky, Story of My Life, 74.
41.It might be noted that a Yiddish newspaper, Der Fraynd, began publishing in 1903 in St. Petersburg.
42.M. M. Margolin, Osnovnye techeniia v istorii evreiskogo naroda: etiud po filosofii istorii evreev (St. Petersburg: Severnaia Skoropechatnia, 1900).
43.M. M. Margolin, “O zadachakh Evreiskoi Zhizni,” Evreiskaia Zhizn’ 1 (1904): 1.
44.Chlenov, Polozhenie sionizma, 17.
45.Ibid., 9.
46.“Negation of the Galut” means the idea that Jews needed to leave the Diaspora and form a new commonwealth in their historic homeland. Robert Seltzer, “Ahad-Ha’am and Dubnow: Friends and Adversaries,” At the Crossroads: Essays on Ahad-Ha’am, ed. Jacques Kornberg (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1983), 67.
47.Although Idel’son is hardly remembered now, émigrés published two volumes dedicated to him. Sefer Idelsohn: Divre ha-arakhah ve-zikhronot, toldot hayav u’khetavav (Tel Aviv: Omanut, 1946); Yu. D. Brutskus et al., ed., Sbornik pamiati A. D. Idel’sona (Berlin: Lutse & Bogt, 1925).
48.Avram Idel’son, “Marksizm i evreiskii vopros,” Evreiskaia Zhizn’ 8 (August 1905): 86.
49.Certainly this differed from Ber Borochov’s position that neither assimilation nor equal rights are possible since a loss in economic competition is foreordained.
50.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “U kolybeli Gel’singforskoi programmy,” in Brutskus, Sbornik pamiati A. D. Idel’sona, 90. “Ma” refers, of course, to the first of the Hebrew “Four Questions,” recited on Passover.
51.Jabotinsky, Story of My Life, 75.
52.Vladimir Jabotinsky, “Nabroski bez zaglaviia,” Khronika Evreiskoi Zhizni 14 (February 10, 1905): 8.
53.The concept comes from Leibniz and refers to a closed system, such as