Russia the formation of the state in the 9th century Veneds and the severjans (northerners), part of the Huns, which became the basis of a new community. Sergey Solovyov
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Chebot green morocco,
Near a silk stocking,
He hits the white quilting with his trunk. (Part of the leg from the pelvis to the knee)
And at that time the princess suffered diarrhea,
And she suffered diarrhea and gave birth to a child.
And in the sky the moon was bright,
And a mighty hero was born in Kiev,
How young Volkh Vseslavievich would be:
The earth sprouted cheese,
The Indian kingdom was shaking gloriously,
And the blue sea swayed
For the sake of the birth of the heroic
Young Volkh Vseslavievich;
Volga-Volkh-Veles grows by leaps and bounds, and soon becomes a mighty hero, possessing not only the art of fighting enemies, but also reading from books and turning around in different animals.
The epic, as you can see, tells not about a person, but about a deity. He turned his soldiers into ants, that is, like Achilles, he commanded the Myrmidons.
Veles-Volkh goes to the kingdom of Indy, conquers, conquers it, and marries Elena Azvyakovna, Elena the Beautiful. As you can see, the similarity of the legends about Achilles and Veles is obvious.
Dobrynya Nikitich
Dobrynya Nikitich, most likely, has the basis of the image of Dobrynya, a relative of Vladimir Svyatoslavovich. The epics emphasize his greatness, reason, restraint, in contrast to Alyosha Popovich and Ilya Muromets.
Danube Ivanovic
Danube Ivanovich is more reminiscent of Ilya Muromets, but with the implication that he came to serve in Kiev from foreign lands, usually from Lithuania or Poland. He, like Dobrynya Nikitich, is engaged in matchmaking, the in-law of the king’s daughter Apraksa for Vladimir. Danube himself marries Apkasy’s sister. Nastya-polyanitsa (heroic). But by chance the hero kills Nastasya, and before her death, he pulls out of the woman’s womb a miracle child – “knee-deep in silver legs, elbows in gold, braids on the head with frequent stars” (Rybn. 9). Danube throws himself on the sword and dies.
Polish epic, Leszko Popelyush
Unfortunately, the Polish epic, as such, has not reached us. Remains of retellings of individual epic legends, included in the chronicles of Anonymous Gall, Boguhval, Kadlubk, etc. In the “Great Chronicle” of the Poles, there is a legend about two brothers, sons of the legendary hero and ruler of Krak, the founder of Krakow. They fought in a duel, the eldest won, who, like his father, was called Krak.
This legend is reminiscent of the epic “The Queen of Kryakov”. It also deals with the duel of brothers, sons of the ruler, in which the elder brother, the father’s namesake, prevails. The names of the brothers in the epic are Christian, that is, later. Moreover, Luke and Peter (Luke and Moses, Luke and Matvey) Petrovichi are the general epic names of the brothers mentioned in the pair. They can appear at the heroic outpost, on the field of the Kama massacre, in the epic about their sister Alena and Alyosha Popovich, even in the epic about Vaska Buslaev.
In the West Slavic and North Russian fairy tales, the legend about a hero nicknamed Popyalov, Popyalyshka, Popelyukh, Popelvar, Popelchek has been preserved. So, the Polish hero’s name is Leszko Popelyush, the Russian one is Alyoshka Popovich. There is a certain skldstvo, especially in the description of heroes.
In the “Great Chronicle”, it is written that a certain “weaver”, the heir of the Popelyusha family, defeated Alexander the Great not by force, but by “cunning and trick”. In honor of this feat, the hero received the nickname Leshko, that is, a deceiver, a rogue. In the epics of Russia, Alyosha Popovich also often defeated his enemies with cunning.
In the epic epic, a hero is well known who conquers enemies with “cunning and trick”. His name is Alyosha – in epics more often Alyosha —Popovich. It is also important that the Polish language is the only Slavic language, besides Russian, which has retained the word “hero” (bohater, bohatyr, bohaterz) in the meaning of “hero”, a warrior with special strength and skills. The Ukrainian “rich man” is rather a later borrowing from the Russian language, the Belarusian “bagatyr”, in fact, is only consonant with the Polish and Russian words, denoting a completely different concept – a rich man, that is, one who has wealth.
Serbian hero, Doychin
Sick Doychin, or Sick Doychin, or even, as in Romanian songs, Donchile is a hero of the Serbian and Macedonian tradition, the image of a “sick hero”. Despite the specific indication of “voivode from Thessaloniki (Thessaloniki)”, he has no prototype. The plot is “wandering” in different cultures – the filthy besermians and the Black Arap city of Solun have surrounded itself, and there is no one to protect the honest people, except for the sick hero, who has been lying practically on the stove for nine years… Well, he gets up, collects weapons, a horse, says goodbye to his relatives, will beat the Araps, returns to give his dear sister… the cut out eyes of the Black Arap (Balkans, sir!) and dies… For he is sick.
The Serbian plot most of all resembles the story of Ilya Muromets. Which until the age of 33 lay on the stove, and only pedestrian kaliks revealed the hero, and then Ilya stood up for the Russian land and defended the city of Chernigov. Here the parallels with Doychin Serbsky are evident, however, the Serbian hero was ill for only nine years. Donchile Romanian is consonant with the Russian Danube Ivanovich, but even here the image of Danube Ivanovich is consonant in the deeds and accomplishment of Ilya Muromets. And I recall in this context the legend written by Alexei Maksimovich Gorky about Danko, who illuminated the way for people with his heart.
“Wilkina-Saga”, “Saga of Tidrik of Berne”, and German poems “The Legend of Dietrich of Berne”, “Ortnit”
The Tidrek saga or Wilkin saga (Thidhrekssaga, Wilkinasaga) is a collection of northern sagas, almost the only source of the Germanic heroic saga. This meeting appeared in the second half of the 13th century in Norway; its author used partly the stories of Lower German, partly the poems of his homeland. Next to the Norwegian edition, preserved in the only old manuscript, there is also an Old Swedish revision of this saga (mid-15th century), compiled by order of King Charles VIII Knutsson. Since Wilkinaland is repeatedly mentioned in the saga, the Swedish publisher Johan Peringskiöld (1715) gave it the name Vilkina Saga. The Norwegian edition was published in Oslo by KR Unger in 1853 under the title “Saga Didriks, Konungs af Bern” The enmity of the two kingdoms is described further: Vilkinaland and Rusiland. The first kingdom was ruled by Vilkinus (Norse Vilkinus), and the second by Hertnit (Norse Hertnið). After Vilkinus’ death, Gertnit conquered Vilkiniland. Before his death, Gertnit divided his possessions between three sons: the elder Ozantrix (Ósantrix) received Vilkinaland, the younger Valdimar (Valdimarr) Rusiland and Pulinaland, and the son of the concubine Ilias became the Jarl of Greece. “King Gertnit had two sons by his wife, the eldest was called Ozantrix, the younger Valdemar, and the third son, whom he had from a concubine, was called Ilias, he was a peaceful and friendly husband.”
“And the third son, whom he (Gertnit) had from his concubine, was called Ilya – he was a peaceful and affable husband.” (Chapter 25), “A little time later, King Gertnit put his son as ruler in Greece, what was called Elijah, and gave him the dignity of a jarl, he was a great ruler and a strong knight” (Chapter 26).
Before his death, Gertnit divided his possessions between his sons: the eldest, Ozantrix (Norwegian Ósantrix), became the king of the Wilkins (obviously, the Wiltsian lutichi),
(This name, Ozantrix, is more reminiscent of Asana “legends of Slaven and Rousse.” Ozant-riks, where Riks is just a title, and the name Ozant-Asan.) (Norwegian Ilias) – Greek Jarl. After the death of Gertnit, the saga reports, his sons fought bloody wars with the Huns of Attila and Tidrek, who