Strawberries. James F Hancock
Читать онлайн книгу.
F. virginiana and F. chiloensis has been observed in cluster analysis of morphological characters, simple sequence repeats and RAPDs (Fig. 1.9; Harrison et al., 1997b; Hokanson et al., 2006). Yang and Davis in their phylogenetic study also found substantial divergence, finding a number of well-supported clades comprised of sequences exclusively from F. chiloensis and F. virginiana.
The origin of Hawaiian and Chilean F. chiloensis is also obscure, but presumably they were introduced from North America via bird migrations. Dillenberger et al. (2018) found F. chiloensis from Oregon and Northern California to be sisters to a Chilean sample of F. chiloensis, but only a handful of F. chiloensis clones were analysed. It is likely that multiple introductions were made into Chile as the habitats of South American F. chiloensis have an extensive range from beaches and headlands to montane forests at 1900 m elevation (Darrow, 1966; Cameron et al., 1991, 1993). Glaucous forms of octoploids may also have been introduced, as at high elevations in Chile leaf colour and thickness resemble F. virginiana ssp. glauca (Cameron et al., 1993).
Origin of decaploid species
Because of the current sympatry between the octoploid F. virginiana ssp. platypetala, diploid F. vesca ssp. bracteata and the decaploid F. cascadensis in the Cascade Mountains of Oregon, it was originally hypothesized that F. cascadensis originated from hybrid polyploid speciation between the two octoploid and diploid congeners (Hummer, 2012). However, Wei et al. (2017a) discovered its origin was more likely due to an ancient hybrid speciation in Beringia. In a phylogenetic analysis of linkage-mapped chromosomes from targeted sequences, they found that the additional subgenome of F. cascadensis was derived from a F. iinumae-like diploid progenitor rather than F. vesca ssp. bracteata. The F. cascadensis found in the Oregon Cascade Mountains may be a remnant of a more widespread species that survived in a Willamette Valley refugium during the last glacial maximum (Dillenberger, 2018). Whether F. cascadensis and the other decaploid F. iturupensis have a common ancestor or evolved independently is unknown. They could have both evolved in Beringia and then moved southwards in different directions along the Pacific Ocean and became isolated (Wei et al., 2017a).
Ahmadi H. and Bringhurst R.S. (1991) Genetics of sex expression in Fragaria species. American Journal of Botany 78, 504–514.
Ahokas H. (1995) Fragaria virginiana and F. vesca on the southern coast of Finland. Annales Botanica Fennici 32, 29–33.
Arulsekar S. and Bringhurst R.S. (1981) Genetic model for the enzyme marker PGI in diploid California Fragaria vesca. Journal of Heredity 73, 117–120.
Ashman T.-L., Tennessen J.A., Dalton R.M., Govindarajulu R., Koski M.H. and Liston A. (2015) Multilocus sex determination revealed in two populations of gynodioecious wild strawberry, Fragaria vesca subsp. bracteata. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics 5, 2759–2773.
Bertioli D.J. (2019) The origin and evolution of a favorite fruit. Nature Genetics 51, 372–373.
Bors B. and Sullivan J.A. (1998) Interspecific crossability of nine diploid Fragaria species. HortScience 32, 439
Bors R.H. and Sullivan J.A. (2005) Interspecific hybridization of Fragaria vesca subspecies with F. nilgerrensis, F. nubicola, F. pentaphylla, and F. viridis. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 130, 418–423.
Bringhurst R.S. (1990) Cytogenetics and evolution in American Fragaria. HortScience 25, 879–881.
Bringhurst R.S. and Gill T. (1970) Origin of Fragaria polyploids. II. Unreduced and double-unreduced gametes. American Journal of Botany 57, 969–976.
Bringhurst R.S. and Khan D.A. (1963) Natural pentaploid F. chiloensis–F. vesca hybrids in coastal California and their significance in polyploid Fragaria evolution. American Journal of Botany 50, 658–661.
Bringhurst R.S. and Senanayake Y.D.A. (1966) The evolutionary significance of natural Fragaria chiloensis × F. vesca hybrids resulting from unreduced gametes. American Journal of Botany 53, 1000–1006.
Cameron J.S., Sjulin T.M., Shanks C.H. and Muñoz C.E. (1991) Collection of Fragaria chiloensis in central and southern Chile. In: Dale A. and Luby J. (eds) The Strawberry into the 21st Century. Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, pp. 108–110.
Cameron J.S., Sjulin T., Ballington J.R., Shanks C.H., Muñoz C. and Lavín A. (1993) Exploration, collection and evaluation of Chilean Fragaria: summary of 1990 and 1992 expeditions. Acta Horticulturae 348, 65–74.
Carrasco B., Garcés M., Rojas P., Saud G., Herrera R., Retamales J.B. and Caligari P.D. (2007) The Chilean strawberry [Fragaria chiloensis (L.) Duch.]: genetic diversity and structure. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 132, 501–506.
Catling P.M. (1995) Fragaria multicipita, reduced to the rank of forma. Rhodora 97, 245–254.
Catling P.M. and Porebski S. (1998) An ecoregional analysis of morphological variation in British Columbia coastal strawberries (Fragaria) for germplasm protection. Canadian Journal of Botany 78, 117–124.
Charlesworth B. and Charlesworth D. (1978) A model for the evolution of dioecy and gynodioecy. American Naturalist 112, 975–997.
Dale A., Daubeny H.A., Luffman M. and Sullivan J.A. (1992) Development of Fragaria germplasm in Canada. Acta Horticulturae 348, 75–80.
Darrow G.M. (1966) The Strawberry. History, Breeding and Physiology. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.
del Pozo A. and Lavín A. (2005) Distribution and ecotypic differentiation of Fragaria chiloensis in Chile. HortScience 40, 1635–1636.
Dickinson T.A., Lo E. and Talent N. (2007) Polyploidy, reproductive biology, and Rosaceae: understanding evolution and making classifications. Plant Systematics and Evolution 266, 59–78.
Dillenberger M.S., Wei N., Tennessen J.A., Ashman T.-L. and Liston A. (2018) Plastid genomes reveal recurrent formation of allopolyploid Fragaria. American Journal of Botany 105, 862–874.
DiMeglio L.M., Staudt G., Yu H. and Davis T.M. (2014) A phylogenetic analysis of the genus Fragaria (strawberry) using intron containing sequence from the ADH -1 gene. PLOS ONE 9: e102237.
Dorn R.D. (1984) Vascular Plants of Montana. Mountain West Publishers, Cheyenne, Wyoming.
Edger P.P., Poorten T.J., VanBuren R., Hardigan M.A., Colle M. et al. (2019) Origin and evolution of the strawberry genome. Nature Genetics 51, 541–547. doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0356-4.
Edger P.P., McKain M.R., Yocca A.E., Knapp S.J., Qiao Q. and Zhang T. (2020) Reply to: revisiting the origin of octoploid strawberry. Nature