Celtic Mythology: History of Celts, Religion, Archeological Finds, Legends & Myths. T. W. Rolleston
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Filid, sing. File, is from velo, "I see" (Stokes, US 277).
971. Fáthi is cognate with Vates.
972. In Wales there had been Druids as there were Bards, but all trace of the second class is lost. Long after the Druids had passed away, the fiction of the derwydd-vardd or Druid-bard was created, and the later bards were held to be depositories of a supposititious Druidic theosophy, while they practised the old rites in secret. The late word derwydd was probably invented from derw, "oak," by some one who knew Pliny's derivation. See D'Arbois, Les Druides, 81.
973. For these views see Dottin, 295; Holmes, 17; Bertrand, 192-193, 268-269.
974. Diog. Laert. i. proem. 1. For other references see Cæsar, vi. 13, 14; Strabo, iv. 4. 4; Amm. Marc. xv. 9; Diod. Sic, v. 28; Lucan, i. 460; Mela, iii. 2.
975. Suet. Claud. 25; Mela, iii. 2.
976. Pliny, xxx. 1.
977. D'Arbois, Les Druides, 77.
978. Diod. Sic. v. 31. 4.
979. See Cicero, de Div. i. 41.
980. Diod. Sic. v. 28; Amm. Marc. xv. 9; Hippolytus, Refut. Hær. i. 22.
981. Amm. Marc. xv. 9.
982. Cæsar, vi. 14.
983. Diog. Laert. 6. Celtic enthusiasts see in this triple maxim something akin to the Welsh triads, which they claim to be Druidic!
984. Bertrand, 280.
985. Cæsar, vi. 13.
986. Trip. Life, ii. 325, i. 52, ii. 402; IT i. 373; RC xxvi. 33. The title rig-file, "king poet," sometimes occurs.
987. Cæsar, vi. 14.
988. Cæsar, vi. 13; Strabo, iv. 4. 4.
989. Strabo, xii. 5. 2.
990. Their judicial powers were taken from them because their speech had become obscure. Perhaps they gave their judgments in archaic language.
991. Diod. Sic. v. 31. 5.
992. Cæsar, vii. 33.
993. IT i. 213; D'Arbois, v. 186.
994. Dio, Orat. xlix.
995. LL 93.
996. Ancient Laws of Ireland, i. 22.
997. Cæsar, vi. 13, 14; Windisch, Táin, line 1070 f.; IT i. 325; Arch. Rev. i. 74; Trip. Life, 99; cf. O'Curry, MC ii. 201.
998. Cæsar, vi. 14; Strabo, iv. 4. 4.
999. Trip. Life, 284.
1000. Lucan, i. 451.
1001. Diod. v. 31. 4; cf. Cæsar, vi. 13, 16; Strabo, iv. 4. 5.
1002. See p. 248, supra.
1003. RC xiv. 29; Miss Hull, 4, 23, 141; IT iii. 392, 423; Stokes, Félire, Intro. 23.
1004. Loth, i. 56.
1005. See my art. "Baptism (Ethnic)" in Hastings' Encyclopædia of Religion and Ethics, ii. 367 f.
1006. Carmichael, Carm. Gadel. i. 115.
1007. See p. 206, supra.
1008. IT i. 215.
1009. O'Curry, MS. Mat. 221, 641.
1010. RC xvi. 34.
1011. Pliny, HN xvi. 45; Trip. Life, ii. 325; Strabo, iv. 275.
1012. RC xxii. 285; O'Curry, MC ii. 215.
1013. Reeves' ed. of Adamnan's Life of S. Col. 237; Todd, S. Patrick, 455; Joyce, SH i. 234. For the relation of the Druidic tonsure to the peculiar tonsure of the Celtic Church, see Rh^ys, HL 213, CB4 72; Gougaud, Les Chrétientés Celtiques, 198.
1014. See Hyde, Lit. Hist. of Ireland, 88; Joyce, SH i. 239.
1015. Cæsar, vi. 14, ii. 10.