1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Impact of climate change on water resources.Figure 1.2 Decade‐wise average rainfall annual data of India.Figure 1.3 The flow diagram of the impact of climate change on glaciers.Figure 1.4 Impact of climate change on water quality and its association wit...

      2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 A map showing different types of wetlands in India.Figure 2.2 Percentage of wetlands area under different categories in Bihar....Figure 2.3 District‐wise wetland area in Bihar.Figure 2.4 A map of (a) India, (b) Bihar, and (c) study area with sampling l...Figure 2.5 Monthly rainfall (mm) variations.Figure 2.6 Monthly temperature variations.Figure 2.7 Contours lines based on water availability in different months in...Figure 2.8 Area under four land use land cover change class in 1988 and 2016...Figure 2.9 Water quality index of the Kanwar wetland.Figure 2.10 Health risk index of heavy metals via cultivated crop grains in ...Figure 2.11 Village‐wise literacy.Figure 2.12 Elevation map of the Kanwar watershed showing possible sources o...

      3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 State distribution of grossly polluting industries in India.Figure 3.2 Status of groundwater level in India in 2018.Figure 3.3 Factors responsible for the contamination of water resources.

      4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Classification of various causes of heavy metal pollution.Figure 4.2 Pollution rates of various heavy metals from diverse sources incl...Figure 4.3 Schematic diagram of the categorization of remediation techniques...Figure 4.4 Flow chart for the phytoremediation of heavy metals and the utili...Figure 4.5 Schematic chart of procedures followed to develop GMOs (genetical...Figure 4.6 Schematic diagram for physiological and molecular mechanisms used...

      5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Reverse osmosis process.Figure 5.2 Different mechanisms of phytoremediation.Figure 5.3 Phytoremediation as an interdisciplinary approach.

      6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Different sources of heavy metals in the environment.Figure 6.2 Different types of phytoremediation processes.Figure 6.3 Bamboo (Bambusa vulgaris) used for the phytoremediation of heavy ...Figure 6.4 Bambusa vulgaris after two years of growth during phytoremediatio...Figure 6.5 Indian mustard plant use for the phytoremediation of heavy metals...Figure 6.6 Use of rhizobacteria with sunflower (Helianthus annuus) for the p...Figure 6.7 Seagrass used for the phytoremediation of heavy metals.Figure 6.8 Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) plant used in the phytoremediati...Figure 6.9 Water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart.) plant used in the phy...Figure 6.10 Salix sp. used for the phytoremediation of heavy metals

      7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Percentage share of various energy sources in India.Figure 7.2 Major modes of fly ash utilization during the year 2016–2017.Figure 7.3 Gandhinagar thermal power plant.Figure 7.4 X‐ray fluorescence peaks of fly ash.Figure 7.5 Phylogenetic tree for isolated organisms.

      8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Different bioreactors used for the microbial degradation of organ...

      9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Sources of organic pollutants.Figure 9.2 Types of organic pollutants in aquatic environments.Figure 9.3 Different organic pollutants mixed with fresh water.Figure 9.4 The effect of organic pollutants on the aquatic environment.Figure 9.5 Fate of organic pollutants in an aquatic ecosystem.Figure 9.6 (a) General mechanism of degradation of organic pollutants. (b) P...

      10 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Removal of heavy metals from wastewater by using graphene‐based ...Figure 10.2 Heavy metal removal by adsorption on gold nanoparticles by adsor...Figure 10.3 Different types of dendritic polymers.Figure 10.4 The removal of Cr⁶⁺ ions with the help of poly (amidoamine)‐graf...

      11 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Representation of the functional groups utilized in the function...Figure 11.2 Schematic diagram showing the formation of oxygen and hydroxyl r...Figure 11.3 Schematic diagram for wastewater treatment using spinel ferrite ...

      12 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 The chemical structure of cellulose.Figure 12.2 The sorption mechanism in cellulose for pollutants.Figure 12.3 Different techniques for the surface modification of cellulose....Figure 12.4 Versatile applications of cellulose‐based materials.

      13 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 Challenges of traditional methods.Figure 13.2 Characteristics of wastewater.Figure 13.3 Classification of membranes used for wastewater treatment.Figure 13.4 Pressure‐driven membrane processes for wastewater treatment.

      14 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Natural and anthropogenic sources of arsenic.Figure 14.2 Health effects of arsenic on humans.Figure 14.3 Different types of phytoremediation techniques for the removal o...Figure 14.4 The fate of arsenic in the environment.

      15 Chapter 15Figure 15.1 Physical and chemical methods used for the removal of heavy meta...Figure 15.2 Methods used for cleaning polluted water.Figure 15.3 Membrane filtration method produced by Dutta and De (2017). (Use...Figure 15.4 Coagulation and flocculation for wastewater treatment produced b...Figure 15.5 Column ion exchange used for heavy metal removal produced by Lal...Figure 15.6 Advantages of the adsorption method.Figure 15.7 Adsorption method for removal of lead, zinc, and copper produced...Figure 15.8 Neutralization method for the removal of contaminants.Figure 15.9 Schematic representation of a mixer‐settler for continuous opera...Figure 15.10 Chemical precipitation for metal ion removal produced by Chen e...Figure 15.11 Electrochemical treatment for the removal of contaminants produ...

      16 Chapter 16Figure 16.1 The Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) general framewo...Figure 16.2 Various components of Integrated