Magma Redox Geochemistry. Группа авторов
Читать онлайн книгу.
INTRODUCTION 9.2. MEASURING CR VALENCE IN GEOLOGICMATERIALS WITH CR‐K EDGE XANES SPECTROSCOPY 9.3. CR‐REDOX SYSTEMATICS IN SILICATELIQUIDS: WHAT WE KNOW AND DON’T KNOW 9.4. CR‐VALENCE SYSTEMATICS INEQUILIBRIUM LIQUID‐OLIVINE PAIRS 9.5. CONCLUDING REMARKS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES 10 The Thermodynamic Controls on Sulfide Saturation in Silicate Melts with Application to Ocean Floor Basalts 10.1. INTRODUCTION 10.2. SULFIDE CAPACITY 10.3. THE THERMODYNAMIC MEANING OF THE SULFIDE CAPACITY 10.4. A NEW PARAMETERIZATION OF SULFIDE CAPACITY FOR BASALTIC MELTS 10.5. SULFIDE CONTENT AT SULFIDE SATURATION (SCSS) 10.6. APPLICATION TO MID‐OCEAN RIDGE AND SIMILAR BASALTS 10.7. THE SULFUR FUGACITY (f S2) OF OCEAN FLOOR BASALTS 10.8. CONCLUSIONS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES 11 Redox State of Volatiles and Their Relationships with Iron in Silicate Melts 11.1. INTRODUCTION 11.2. WATER CONCENTRATION IN MELT AND ITS EFFECT ON REDOX 11.3. THE SULFUR SPECIES AND THE REDOX (FE3+/∑FE Ratio) OF SILICATE MELTS 11.4. NATURAL SYSTEMS: MAGMA DEGASSING AND REDOX 11.5. CONCLUDING REMARKS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES 12 Iron in Silicate Glasses and Melts 12.1. INTRODUCTION 12.2. IRON DISTRIBUTION IN THE DIFFERENT TERRESTRIAL ENVELOPES 12.3. REDOX EQUILIBRIUM IN MELTS 12.4. PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: HIGHLIGHTS ON DENSITY AND VISCOSITY 12.5. INFLUENCES ON CRYSTALLIZATION AND DEGASSING IN MAGMATIC SYSTEMS 12.6. CONCLUDING REMARKS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES
10
Part III: Tools and Techniques to Characterize the Redox and its Effect on Isotope Partitioning
13 How to Measure the Oxidation State of Multivalent Elements in Minerals, Glasses, and Melts?
13.1. INTRODUCTION
13.2. WET‐CHEMICAL ANALYSES
13.3. ELECTRONIC MICROPROBE
13.4. MÖSSBAUER SPECTROSCOPY
13.5. OPTICAL ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
13.6. X‐RAY ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY
13.7. RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY
13.8. IN SITU REDOX DETERMINATION AT HIGH TEMPERATURE OR AT HIGH PRESSURE
13.9. CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
14 Oxidation State, Coordination, and Covalency Controls on Iron Isotopic Fractionation in Earth’s Mantle and Crust
14.1. INTRODUCTION
14.2. THEORY: EQUILIBRIUM ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION FROM VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES
14.3. CALCULATION OF VIBRATIONAL PROPERTIES
14.4. IRON ISOTOPE STUDIES BASED ON NRIXS OR DFT
14.5. COMPARISON OF EQUILIBRIUM FRACTIONATION FACTORS DERIVED FROM VARIOUS TECHNIQUES
14.6. PARAMETERS CONTROLLING EQUILIBRIUM FRACTIONATION FACTORS
14.7. SELECTED APPLICATIONS TO THE INTERPRETATION OF IRON ISOTOPIC VARIATIONS IN IGNEOUS ROCKS
14.8. CONCLUSIONS AND PERSPECTIVES
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
15 The Role of Redox Processes in Determining the Iron Isotope Compositions of Minerals, Melts, and Fluids
15.1. INTRODUCTION
15.2. PRINCIPLES AND NOMENCLATURE
15.3. METHODS FOR THE CALIBRATION OF IRON ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION FACTORS
15.4. FUNDAMENTAL CONTROLS ON ISOTOPIC FRACTIONATION BETWEEN MINERALS, MELTS, AND FLUIDS
15.5. EFFECT OF REDOX PROCESSES IN INFLUENCING IRON ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION IN NATURAL SYSTEMS
15.6. CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
REFERENCES
16 Zinc and Copper Isotopes as Tracers of Redox Processes
16.1.