High-Density and De-Densified Smart Campus Communications. Daniel Minoli
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HIGH‐DENSITY AND DE‐DENSIFIED SMART CAMPUS COMMUNICATIONS
Technologies, Integration, Implementation, and Applications
Daniel Minoli
DVI Communications
New York, NY, USA
Red Bank, NJ, USA
Jo‐Anne Dressendofer
Slice Wireless Solutions
New York, NY, USA
This edition first published 2022
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data:
Names: Minoli, Daniel, 1952– author. | Dressendofer, Jo‐Anne, author.
Title: High‐density and de‐densified smart campus communications : technologies, integration, implementation and applications / Daniel Minoli, Jo‐Anne Dressendofer.
Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021050372 (print) | LCCN 2021050373 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119716051 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119716068 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119716082 (epub)
Subjects: LCSH: Wireless communication systems. | Smart materials.
Classification: LCC TK5103.2 .M5665 2021 (print) | LCC TK5103.2 (ebook) | DDC 621.384–dc23/eng/20211110
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021050372 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021050373
Cover design by Wiley
Cover image: © enjoynz/Getty Images
In loving memory of my wife Anna (Dan)
Era una santa e completò la sua missione con passione, pur giovane.
“E se dal caro oggetto, Lungi convien che sia, convien che sia, Sospirerò penando, Ogni momento” (from a stanza in Vivaldi's “Vedrò con mio diletto”)
In loving memory of my mother Helene (Jo‐Anne)
Who was there for every tear along my not‐so‐easy career and pushed me to dream even bigger
PREFACE
High‐density campus communications have traditionally been important in many environments, including airports, stadiums, convention centers, shopping malls, classrooms, hospitals, cruise ships, train and subway stations, evangelical megachurches, large multiple dwelling units, boardwalks, (special events in) parks, dense smart cities, and other venues. These communications span several domains: people‐to‐people, people‐to‐websites, people‐to‐applications, sensors‐to‐cloud analytics, and machines‐to‐machines/device‐to‐device. While the later Internet of Things (IoT) applications are generally (but not always) low speed, the former applications are typically high speed. In many settings, people access videos (a la Over The Top [OTT] mode) or websites and applications that often include short videos or other high data‐rate content. Deploying optimally performing high‐density campus communication systems is desired and required in many cases, but it can, at the same time, be a complex task to undertake successfully.
High‐density campus communications play a role in the evolution of Smart Campuses but also drive the Smart City and Smart Building use cases. Connectivity is now considered a fourth utility (in addition to gas, water, and electricity). In fact, massive‐type communication is a recognized requirement of 5G, even if just in the machine‐type communication environment. In the campus applications just cited, people‐to‐people, people‐to‐websites, and people‐to‐applications connectivity is increasingly important, given that nearly everyone now carries a smartphone and many apps entail high‐throughput transmissions.
There are unique requirements and unique designs required for high‐density communications, particularly because of the relative scarcity of available spectrum. In addition, there has been and continues to be a set of transitions, even transformations, of the underlying technologies. The world has moved to IP for all data, voice, and video communications. Additionally, there is a trend