Congo Basin Hydrology, Climate, and Biogeochemistry. Группа авторов
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ce...Figure 3.3 Vertical profiles of omega (hPa/s × 10–2, negative values =...Figure 3.4 The African Easterly Jet‐South: mean wind (m/s) at 600 hPa during...Figure 3.5 Mean vertical motion (omega: hPa/s × 10–2) in SON at 850 hP...Figure 3.6 Gauge network around the Congo Basin in four time periods (from N...Figure 3.7 Maps of rainfall (mm/mo) for March, based on nine satellite produ...Figure 3.8 Interannual variability of rainfall (mm/yr) over the central Cong...Figure 3.9 (a) Mean annual rainfall (mm) based on gauge data for the period ...Figure 3.10 Percent concentration of rainfall in the wettest quarter of the ...Figure 3.11 The seasonal cycle of rainfall, with bar graphs indicating mean ...Figure 3.12 Mean rainfall (mm/mo) for the driest three‐month season based on...Figure 3.13 Months of maximum rainfall (left) and minimum rainfall (right), ...Figure 3.14 The diurnal cycle of rainfall over the Congo Basin based on TRMM...Figure 3.15 Correlation of annual values of regional rainfall (delineated by...Figure 3.16 Inter‐station correlation during the period 1930 to 1989 as a fu...Figure 3.17 The coefficient of variation (standard deviation divided by the ...Figure 3.18 Location of six multi‐region sectors for which interannual varia...Figure 3.19 (a) Interannual variability of rainfall for three of the sectors...Figure 3.20 AMJ rainfall trends 1985 to 2012 for the individual regions in a...Figure 3.21 Spatial patterns of linear trend per decade (1985 to 2012) and r...Figure 3.22 Five‐year averages of (left) relative number of MCSs per year an...Figure 3.23 Five‐year averages of relative number of lightning flashes per y...Figure 3.24 Diurnal cycle of convection: annual average of the relative numb...Figure 3.25 Interannual variability of select characteristics of MCSs over t...Figure 3.26 Mean rainfall (mm/mo)over the Amazon based on TRMM 3B43 V7 for t...Figure 3.27 The diurnal cycle of rainfall over the Amazon, as in Figure 3.14...
4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Topography (m) of the simulation domain (17.5°S–17.5°N, 30°W–80°E...Figure 4.2 Seasonal means of the surface air temperature (T2m °C) for the pe...Figure 4.3 Bias of mean seasonal surface air temperature (T2m °C) for the pe...Figure 4.4 Seasonal means of rainfall in mm/day for the period 2001–2006: GP...Figure 4.5 Seasonal mean biases of precipitation in mm/day for the period 20...Figure 4.6 Taylor diagrams for area‐averaged seasonal precipitation over Nor...Figure 4.7 Seasonal cycle of rainfall (a–d) and temperatures (e–h) in the fo...Figure 4.8 Spatial and seasonal distributions at 925 hPa of zonal wind in co...Figure 4.9 Spatial and seasonal distributions at 200 hPa of zonal wind in co...
5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Spatiotemporal SPEI patterns of the Congo basin using 12‐month gr...Figure 5.2 Estimated areas affected by various drought intensities (extreme,...Figure 5.3 Spatial distribution of trends in GRACE‐derived TWS (2002–2017) o...Figure 5.4 Aerial averaged temporal series of TWS (2002–2017) estimated from...Figure 5.5 Leading modes of TWS (2002–2017) over the Congo basin. Averaged s...Figure 5.6 Assessing climate influence on surface water hydrology over the C...Figure 5.7 Modeling the temporal dynamics of Congo River discharge (1980–201...Figure 5.8 Surface water storage over the Congo Basin during the extreme dro...
6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Topographic map of the Ubangi basin at Mobaye, and of the hydropl...Figure 6.2 Vegetation map of the Ubangi basin at Mobaye, the geological bedr...Figure 6.3 Rainfall index and flow index of the Ubangi basin at Mobaye, 1938...Figure 6.4 Rainfall index of upstream basins of the Ubangi at Mobaye, from 1...Figure 6.5 Hydrologic index from 1948 to 1995 for the hydrological basins of...Figure 6.6 Comparative interannual evolution of the runoff (LE) of the Ubang...Figure 6.7 Interannual evolution of river depletion coefficient from the Uba...Figure 6.8 Relationship of water runoff as a function of the precipitated wa...Figure 6.9 Decennial evolution of runoff coefficients (CE) from the Ubangi a...Figure 6.10 Relationship between the runoff coefficient (CE) and the rate of...
7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Study domain with the five agroecological zones in Cameroon. The ...Figure 7.2 (a) Study domain (Cameroon) with the Congo Basin (solid red line)...Figure 7.3 Mean monthly accumulated (mm) rainfall for different stations. St...Figure 7.4 Mean annual correlation for the mentioned stations.Figure 7.5 Mean annual biases (mm/year) over the available data period for d...Figure 7.6