Biblical Chronology. Valeriy Sterkh
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The birth of Terah
“And Nahor lived 79 years, and begat Terah” (Gen 11:24).
3186+79=3265
3335 (-2215). The birth of Abram, Nahor, and Haran
“And Terah lived 70 years, and begat Abram, Nahor, and Haran” (Gen 11:26).
3265+70=3335
3435 (-2115). The birth of Isaac
“And Abraham was an 100 years old, when his son Isaac was born unto him” (Gen 21:5).
3335+100=3435
3495 (-2055). The birth of Esau and Jacob
“And Isaac was 60 years old when she [Rebekah] bare them [Esau and Jacob]” (Gen 25:26).
3435+60=3495
3625 (-1925). The Jews move to Egypt
“And Pharaoh said unto Jacob, How old art thou? And Jacob said unto Pharaoh, The days of the years of my pilgrimage are an 130 years” (Gen 47:8—9).
3495+130=3625
4055 (-1495). The Exodus from Egypt
“Now the sojourning of the children of Israel, who dwelt in Egypt <and in the land of Canaan>, was 430 years” (Ex 12:40).
Some translations contain the conjecture <and in the land of Canaan>, perhaps wishing to avoid the contradiction with the prophecy: “And he said unto Abram, Know of a surety that thy seed shall be a stranger in a land that is not theirs, and shall serve them; and they shall afflict them 400 years” (Gen 15:13). Actually, this correction in not necessary in Ex 12:40. It’s reasonable to assume that the first 30 years in Egypt there was no oppression for the Jews. The remaining 400 years, however, were spent in slavery. There’s a certain logic to this. After his arrival in Egypt, Abraham came into the presence Pharaoh and was received with honor: “And Pharaoh commanded his men concerning him: and they sent him away, and his wife, and all that he had” (Gen 12:20). He was a rich man: “And Abram was very rich in cattle, in silver, and in gold” (Gen 13:2). The Bible clearly indicates that Abraham was a slave owner, not a slave: “And he entreated Abram well for her sake: and he had sheep, and oxen, and he asses, and menservants, and maidservants, and she asses, and camels” (Gen 12:16).
However, the conjecture <and in the land of Canaan> is not just superfluous but also erroneous because the Jews spent in Canaan more than 30 years. Let’s do the math. Abraham arrived in Canaan when he was 75 years old (see Gen 12:1—5), and, according to the chronology, it was the year 3410 since the foundation of the world, or 215 years before their settlement in Egypt. So, if you make Canaan the starting point for the 430 years, there would be only 215 years left in the Egyptian period, not 400. And there are no indications that Jews were slaves in Canaan. So you see that the conjecture is not helpful. Therefore, it is more reasonable to view the 430 years as the total time spent by the Jews in Egypt.
3625+430=4055
4532 (-1018). The beginning of Solomon’s reign
“And it came to pass in the 480 year after the children of Israel were come out of the land of Egypt, in the 4 year of Solomon’s reign over Israel, in the month Zif, which is the second month, that he began to build the house of the LORD” (1 Kings 6:1).
There were 477 years between Exodus and the reign of Solomon.
4055+477=4532
4535 (-1015). The founding of the first Temple in Jerusalem
The construction of the Temple began 3 full years after, that is, in the fourth year of Solomon’s reign (see 1 Kings 6:1).
4532+3=4535
4572 (-978). The beginning of Rehoboam’s reign
“And the time that Solomon reigned in Jerusalem over all Israel was 40 years. And Solomon slept with his fathers, and was buried in the city of David his father: and Rehoboam his son reigned in his stead” (1 Kings 11:42—43).
37 years after the construction of the Temple began.
4535+37=4572
4589 (-961). The beginning of Abijam’s [Abijah’s] reign
“And Rehoboam the son of Solomon reigned in Judah. Rehoboam was forty and one years old when he began to reign, and he reigned 17 years in Jerusalem” (1 Kings 14:21).
“And Rehoboam slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David. And his mother’s name was Naamah an Ammonitess. And Abijam his son reigned in his stead” (1 Kings 14:31).
4572+17=4589
4592 (-958). The beginning of Asa’s reign
“3 years reigned he [Abijam] in Jerusalem” (1 Kings 15:2).
“And Abijam slept with his fathers; and they buried him in the city of David: and Asa his son reigned in his stead” (1 Kings 15:8).
4589+3=4592
4633 (-917). The beginning of Jehoshaphat’s reign
“And 41 years reigned he [Asa] in Jerusalem” (1 Kings 15:10).
“And Asa slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his stead” (1 Kings 15:24).
4592+41=4633
4658 (-892). The beginning of Jehoram’s [Joram’s] reign
“And he [Jehoshaphat] reigned 25 years in Jerusalem” (1 Kings 22:42).
“And Jehoshaphat slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoram his son reigned in his stead” (1 Kings 22:50).
4633+25=4658
4666 (-884). The beginning of Ahaziah’s reign
“And he [Jehoram] reigned 8 years in Jerusalem” (2 Kings 8:17).
“And Joram slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David: and Ahaziah his son reigned in his stead” (2 Kings 8:24).
4658+8=4666
4667 (-883). The beginning of Athaliah’s [Hotholia’s] reign
“And he [Ahaziah] reigned 1 year in Jerusalem” (2 Kings 8:26).
“And when Athaliah the mother of Ahaziah saw that her son was dead, she arose and destroyed all the seed royal. But Jehosheba, the daughter of king Joram, sister of Ahaziah, took Joash the son of Ahaziah, and stole him from among the king’s sons which were slain; and they hid him, even him and his nurse, in the bedchamber from Athaliah, so that he was not slain. And he was with her hid in the house of the LORD six years. And Athaliah did reign over the land” (2 Kings 11:1—3).
4666+1=4667
4673 (-877). The beginning of Jehoash’s [Joash’s] reign
“And the seventh year Jehoiada sent and fetched the rulers over hundreds, with the captains and the guard, and brought them to him into the house of the LORD, and made a covenant with them, and took an oath of them in the house of the LORD, and shewed them the king’s son [Jehoash]” (2 Kings 11:4).
“And they slew Athaliah with the sword beside the king’s house. Seven years old was Jehoash when he began to reign” (2 Kings 11:20—21).
Jehoash began reigning after six full years, on the seventh year of Athaliah’s reign.
4667+6=4673
4713 (-837). The beginning of Amaziah’s [Amasia’s]