Contents

       Cover

       Title Page

       Copyright

       Introduction

       What are Fairies?

       Where is Fairyland?

       A—Abatwa to Aziza

       B—Baba Yaga to Bwca

       C—Cabyll Ushtey to Cyhyraeth

       D—D’Aulnoy, Marie-Catherine to Dzunukwa

       E—E Bukura e Dheut to Ezerinis

       F—Fachan to Fyglia

       Connecting with Fairies

       G—Ga-Gaah to Gytrash

       H—Habetrot to Hyter Sprites

       I—Iansan to It

       J—Jack in Irons to Just-halver

       K—Kabibonokka to Kumiho

       L—Lady of the Lake, the to Lutins

       Elementals and Flower Fairies

       M—Maahiset to Muse

       N—Nab to Nymphs

       O—Oakmen to Owl Woman Monster

       P—Padfoot to Pwca

       Q—Qailertetang to Qutrub

       Fairies in Literature and Legend

       R—Rå to Rusalka

       S—Saci to Syrene

       T—Tah-Tah-Kle-Ah to Tylwyth Teg

       U—Uncegila to Utukku

       V—Valkyries to Vodyanoy

       W—Wabun to Wraith

       X—Xanthe to Xantho

       Y—Yallery Brown to Yunwitsandsdi

       Z—Zagaz to Zinkibaru

       Selected Bibliography

       Acknowledgments

       About the Publisher

       Introduction

      Boggles, Bloody Bones, brownies, black dogs, Shellycoats, barguests, Robin Goodfellows, hags, hobgoblins, dobies, hobthrusts, fetches, kelpies, mumpokers, Pans, sirens, nymphs, imps, incubuses, Kit with the Cansticks, Melsh Dicks, knockers, elves, Rawheads, Padfoots, pixies, dwarves, changelings, redcaps, colt pixies, Tom Thumbs, boggarts, shag foals, brags, wraiths, waffs, gally-trots, Peg Powlers, Pucks, fays, selkies, Cauld Lads, sylphs, nixies, cluricaunes, kobolds, leprechauns, banshees, Lhiannan Shees, Gabriel Ratchets hounds, trows, sprites, and spunkies …

      Welcome to the wonderful and diverse world of fairies.

      These are just some of the fairy creatures listed in a series of nineteenth-century folklore pamphlets by a Yorkshire tradesman named Michael Denham, later published as The Denham Tracts, edited by James Hardy (London: Folklore Society, 1892–1895).

      This snapshot of the fairy realm in the British Isles of the not-so-distant past introduces us to a world in which nursery bogies, such as Bloody Bones, lurked in the cupboard under the stairs, and mischievous pranksters Puck and Robin Goodfellow cavorted in the countryside, likely to transform at any moment into flickering lights and lead unwary travelers on a merry dance through briars, ditches, bogs, and streams. Dobie, the helpful household fairy, lent a hand around the home, while the troublesome boggart delighted in upturning dishes, snatching bread and butter, and teasing members of the household with his tricks.

      This brief peek into fairyland reveals a colorful cast of denizens, wildly different in appearance and characteristics, before we have even ventured further afield than the British Isles. Fairies have appeared in various guises in cultures around the world since ancient times, from the dryads and nymphs of ancient Greece to the noble Sidhe of Ireland, and from the Australian arawotya to the zinkibaru of Africa. Traditionally, fairies have assumed a number of different roles, as guardians, guides, gatekeepers, muses, and messengers, exerting an influence over human lives that may be by turns benevolent, malevolent, or mischievous, which makes pinning them down to definitions a tricky task.

      Toward a Definition

      Definitions are slippery things in the fairy world. Hard and fast rules have a habit of bending, blurring, or evaporating into thin air when applied to the capricious denizens of fairyland. The harder you try to pin down a fairy, the more likely it is to wiggle out of your grasp and vanish with a mischievous poke of the tongue.

      As a rule of thumb, it is generally said that fairies belong to a race of supernatural

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