Reference Guides to Rhetoric and Composition

      Series Editor, Charles Bazerman

      The Series provides compact, comprehensive and convenient surveys of what has been learned through research and practice as composition has emerged as an academic discipline over the last half century. Each volume is devoted to a single topic that has been of interest in rhetoric and composition in recent years, to synthesize and make available the sum and parts of what has been learned on that topic. These reference guides are designed to help deepen classroom practice by making available the collective wisdom of the field and will provide the basis for new research. The Series is intended to be of use to teachers at all levels of education, researchers and scholars of writing, graduate students learning about the field, and all who have interest in or responsibility for writing programs and the teaching of writing.

      Parlor Press and The WAC Clearinghouse are collaborating so that these books will be widely available through low-cost print editions and free digital distribution. The publishers and the Series editor are teachers and researchers of writing, committed to the principle that knowledge should freely circulate. We see the opportunities that new technologies have for further democratizing knowledge. And we see that to share the power of writing is to share the means for all to articulate their needs, interest, and learning into the great experiment of literacy.

      Existing Books in the Series

      Invention in Rhetoric and Composition (2004, Lauer)

      Reference Guide to Writing across the Curriculum (2005, Bazerman, Little, Bethel, Chavkin, Fouquette, and Garufis)

      Revision: History, Theory, and Practice (2006, Horning and Becker)

      Writing Program Administration (2007, McLeod)

      Community Literacy and the Rhetoric of Local Publics (2008, Long)

      Argument in Composition (2009, Ramage, Callaway, Clary-Lemon, and Waggoner)

      Argument in Composition

      John Ramage, Micheal Callaway,

      Jennifer Clary-Lemon, and Zachary Waggoner

      Parlor Press

      West Lafayette, Indiana

      www.parlorpress.com

      The WAC Clearinghouse

      http://wac.colostate.edu/

      Parlor Press LLC, West Lafayette, Indiana 47906

      © 2009 by Parlor Press and The WAC Clearinghouse

      All rights reserved.

      John Leo’s “Turning a Blind Eye to Evil,” 12 October 2001, U.S. News and World Report. © 2001, U.S. News and World Report, L.P. Reprinted with permission.

      Stanley Fish’s “Condemnation without Absolutes,” 15 October 2001, The New York Times. © 2001, The New York Times Company. Reprinted with permission.

      Printed in the United States of America

      S A N: 2 5 4 - 8 8 7 9

      Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

      Argument in composition / John Ramage ... [et al.].

       p. cm. -- (Reference guides to rhetoric and composition)

       Includes bibliographical references and index.

       ISBN 978-1-60235-109-7 (pbk. : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-60235-110-3 (hardcover : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-60235-111-0 (adobe ebook)

       1. English language--Rhetoric--Study and teaching (Higher) 2. Persuasion (Rhetoric)--Study and teaching (Higher) 3. Report writing--Study and teaching (Higher) I. Ramage, John D.

       PE1431.A77 2009

       808’.0420711--dc22

       2009032671

      Series logo designed by Karl Stolley. Copyediting by Ethan Sproat.

      This book is printed on acid-free paper.

      Parlor Press, LLC is an independent publisher of scholarly and trade titles in print and multimedia formats. This book is available in paperback, cloth, and Adobe eBook formats from Parlor Press on the World Wide Web at http://www.parlorpress.com. For submission information or to find out about Parlor Press publications, write to Parlor Press, 816 Robinson St., West Lafayette, Indiana, 47906, or e-mail [email protected].

      The WAC Clearinghouse supports teachers of writing across the disciplines. Hosted by Colorado State University’s Composition Program, it brings together four journals, three book series, and resources for teachers who use writing in their courses. This book will also be available free on the Internet at The WAC Clearinghouse (http://wac.colostate.edu/).

      Contents

       Series Editor’s Preface

       Preface

       1 Introduction: Why Argument Matters

       Coming to an Understanding of Argument

       John Leo, “Cultural Relativism Leaves Some Blind to Evil” (2001, Universal Press Syndicate), 10/15/01

       Stanley Fish, “Condemnation without Absolutes”

       Discussion of Leo and Fish Part I: Some Theoretical Background

       Discussion of Leo and Fish Part II: Getting from Duality to Commitment

       Leo and Fish Part III: The Elements of Argument

       Argument and “the purification of war”

       Why students Need Argument

       Argument and Critical Literacy

       Argument and Identity

       Ethics and Argument

       Notes

       2 The History of Argument

       Philosophy vs Rhetoric

       Rhetoric’s Ossification Problem

       Key Figures of Modern Argument Theory

       Introduction to Kenneth Burke

       Introduction to Chaim Perelman and Lucie Olbrechts-Tyteca

       Stephen Toulmin

       Summary

       Notes

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