Jesus Christ for Contemporary Life. Don Schweitzer

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Jesus Christ for Contemporary Life - Don Schweitzer


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a leading representative of the school of Antioch who became bishop of Constantinople in 428, and Cyril of Alexandria. Nestorius attempted to enforce what he saw to be doctrinal orthodoxy, particularly around devotion to Mary as Theotokos, mother of God. For Nestorius Mary was the mother of Jesus, not of the Logos. But for Cyril and others following the Logos/sarx approach, the Logos had been present in Mary’s womb. In 429 Nestorius gave a series of sermons attacking this and related notions. As opposition to Nestorius’ teaching and person increased Cyril began to attack Nestorius’ views and promote his own in letters circulated throughout Egypt. The dispute was enflamed by the personalities of both. It was also about ecclesiastical primacy: Constantinople versus Alexandria and Rome. But it was primarily driven by each side’s belief that they were fighting for the truth of the gospel.84 Because their struggle threatened the unity of the empire, Emperor Theodosius called what became the council of Ephesus in 431. In 444 the dispute reignited. Theodosius II convened another council at Ephesus in 449, which was tainted by violence. Pope Leo I addressed the issue with his Tome (449), directed against the position of Eutyches, who developed an extreme version of Cyril’s early emphasis on the unity of Christ’s person. Leo’s Tome introduced the Latin tradition into the christological debate.

      The traditions of Alexandria, Antioch, and the Western or Latin tradition that would play influential roles at the council of Chalcedon each had different emphases:

      The Legacy of Chalcedon and Nicaea


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