Stats and Curiosities. Harvard Business Review
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desire to be altruistic, Eskine says.
a simple pain reliever reduces hurt feelings
Daily doses of acetaminophen taken by undergraduates over the course of 3 weeks alleviated hurt feelings from social rejection, according to Nathan DeWall of the University of Kentucky. Humans’ social-pain system functions much like the physical-pain system; nevertheless, more research is needed on whether any analgesic is an effective means of treating social pain, DeWall says.
south korea’s mass pardons of traffic offenders led to more accidents
Since 1995, 4 presidents of South Korea have issued mass pardons to drivers who had lost their licenses because of drunk driving, vehicular homicide, and other violations. About 24.6 million people, more than 10% of the country’s population, have benefited from these populist gestures, but the pardons increased traffic accidents by an average of 4.3% in the subsequent years, says a team led by Youngsun Kwon of Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology. Arbitrary and irrelevant pardons can be considered an abuse of clemency power, the researchers suggest.
dad’s layoff diminishes baby’s birth weight
The birth weights of babies born after their fathers lose their jobs are 4.7% lower, or about 5 ounces less, than those of employed dads’ babies, according to Jason M. Lindo of the University of Oregon. In a study of American fertility data from 1968 to 1997, Lindo says the effect may be due to factors such as the reduced food expenditures that result from lower family income and the stress experienced by moms who work more actively after their husbands are laid off.
social participation provides the same happiness boost as a gigantic raise
Regular participation in clubs and other social activities increases happiness to the same degree as doubling one’s income or obtaining a college degree, according to Harvard’s Robert D. Putnam, as reported by Chris M. Herbst of Arizona State University. Evidence indicates that social connectedness has a powerful influence not only on happiness but also on self-reported health, Herbst says.
forcing yourself to smile can reduce stress
The heart rates of people who were recovering from the stress of tracing a star with their non-dominant hands were 7% slower if they gripped a pair of chopsticks in their teeth in such a way as to force themselves to smile, say Tara L. Kraft and Sarah D. Pressman of the University of Kansas. While the researchers acknowledge that the generalizability of their findings is questionable given the artificiality of the setting, they say the study shows there are physiological and psychological benefits from maintaining a positive facial expression during stress.
the presence of happy people appears to raise suicide risk
Countries and US states with higher happiness levels tend to have higher suicide rates, says a team of researchers led by Mary C. Daly of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco. For example, Utah is ranked number 1 in life satisfaction but has the 9th-highest suicide rate, whereas New York, ranked 45th in satisfaction, has the lowest suicide rate in the United States. Unhappy people may become suicidally distressed by others’ contentment, the researchers suggest.
the unemployed exercise more, but get less exercise
Working people expend more physical energy than the unemployed, even though they spend an average of 27% fewer minutes exercising each day because of the demands of their jobs, according to Gregory J. Colman of Pace University and Dhaval M. Dave of Bentley University. In a study of thousands of US workers, the researchers found that after employees are laid off, their total daily physical exertion declines between 21% and 24%, despite increased levels of recreational exercise.
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