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Haa (h) ح Similar to h in house Khaa (kh) خ Similar to ch in loch ’ein (’) ع Similar to a in another Ghain (q) غ Similar to a French r sound Qaaf (q) ق Like q but a little bit sharper

Top ten tips

      There are some social conventions and local customs that visitors should be aware of when travelling in Arab countries. Many traditional customs and beliefs are tied up with religion, and Islam (the main religion in most Arab countries) has a clear influence on how people live and behave.

      1 A handshake is the customary form of greeting.

      2 Many of the manners and social customs are similar to French manners, particularly amongst the middle classes.

      3 Visitors may find, in some social situations, that being patient and firm pays dividends.

      4 Often, visitors may find themselves the centre of unsolicited attention. In towns, young boys after money will be eager to point out directions, sell goods or simply charge for a photograph, while unofficial guides will offer advice or services. Visitors should be courteous, but wary of the latter.

      5 Women travelling alone, and/or wearing clothes regarded as provocative (e.g. revealing tops, short skirts, etc.) may attract unwanted attention.

      6 Sexual relations outside marriage, and homosexual conduct are punishable by law.

      7 Smoking is widespread and it is customary to offer cigarettes. In most cases it is obvious where not to smoke, except during Ramadan when it is illegal to eat, drink or smoke in public.

      8 Dress should be conservative and women should not wear revealing clothes, particularly when in religious buildings and in towns. Western style clothing is, however, accepted in modern nightclubs, restaurants, hotels and bars in tourist destinations.

      9 In Egypt tourists have to pay a fee to take photographs inside pyramids, tombs and museums.

      10 Alcohol is tolerated, with non-Muslims allowed to drink alcohol in the city bars, restaurants, clubs and hotels.

Talking to people

      Hello/goodbye, yes/no

      Body language is very important when dealing with Arabs. You will see that when they talk, they often use their hands to describe what they are saying.

Please	من فضلك min fadlak
Thank you	شكرا لك shuk-ran laka
Thanks	شكرا shuk-ran
Yes	نعم na-’am
No	لا la
Sorry!	!آسف aa-sif
Excuse me!	!لو سمحت law sa-mah-t!
Hello/Hi	مرحبا/سلام mar-ha-ba/salaam
Goodbye	الى اللقاء\مع السلامة ilal-li-qaa/ma-’as-sa-laa-ma
Good morning	صباح الخير sa-baa-hul-khayr
Good afternoon	مساء الخير ma-sa-ul-khayr
Good day	نهار سعيد na-haar sa-’iid
Good evening	مساء الخير ma-sa-ul-khayr
Goodnight	ليلة سعيدة lay-la-tun sa-’ii-da
I don’t understand	لم أفهم lam af-ham
I don’t speak Arabic	لا اتكلم العربية laa af-ha-mul-‘a-ra-biy-ya

Key phrases

Is there…?/Are there…?	هل هناك...؟ hal hu-naa-ka…?
Do you have…?	هل عندك...؟ hal ‘in-da-ka…?
Do you have bread?	هل عندك خبز؟ hal ‘in-da-ka khubz?
Do you have milk?	هل عندك حليب؟ hal ‘in-da-ka halib?
Do you have stamps?	هل عندك طوابع بريد؟ hal ‘in-da-ka ta-waa-bi’ ba-rii-diy-ya?
I want/need…	...أنا أريد anaa u-rii-du…
I want a loaf	أنا أريد رغيفا anaa u-rii-du ra-ghifan
I want this	أنا أريد هذا anaa u-rii-du haa-thaa
I don’t want this	لا أريد هذا laa u-rii-du haa-thaa
How much is this?	بكم هذا؟ bi-kem haa-thaa?
How many?	كم واحدة؟ kem waa-hi-da?
When is…?	متى...؟ ma-taa…?
When is breakfast?	متى وقت الفطور؟ ma-taa waq-tul fu-tuur?
What time is it?	كم الساعة؟ kem as-saa-‘ah?
At what time…?	في أي ساعة...؟ fii ay-yi saa-‘ah…?
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