1  Cover

      2  Preface to the Third Edition

      3  Acknowledgments

      4  Introduction The Goals of the Text The Rest of the Book

      5  Chapter 1: Political versus Apolitical Ecologies What is Political Ecology? Five Dominant Narratives in Political Ecology

      6  Chapter 2: A Tree with Deep Roots The Determinist Context The Building Blocks

      7  Chapter 3: The Critical Tools Common Property Theory Marxist Political Economy The Producer is the Agent of History: Peasant Studies Feminist Political Ecology Breaking Open the Household: Feminist Development Studies New Feminist Political Ecologies Whose History and Science? Postcolonial Studies and Power/Knowledge Emerging Concerns: Cities, Subjects, and Objects Governmentality and the Creation of Subjects Objects, Actor‐networks, and the Problem of Materiality Towards Political Ecology

      8  Chapter 4: Political Ecology Emerges Political Ecology is not a Theory or a Method Political Ecology is a Community of Practice Political Ecology is the Quality of a Text Winning and Losing Human–Non‐Human Dialectics Starting from, or Ending in, a Contradiction Claims about the State of Nature and Claims about Claims about the State of Nature The Power of Political Ecology: The Hatchet and the Seed

      9  Chapter 5: Challenges in Ecology The Focus on Human Impact Defining and Measuring Degradation Limits of Degradation: Variability, State‐and‐Transition and Ecological Novelty Methodological Imperatives in Political Analysis of Environmental Change

      10  Chapter 6: Challenges in Social Construction Why Bother to Argue that Nature (or Forests or Land Degradation …) is Constructed? “Barstool” Biologists and “Hysterical Housewives”: Attacking and Defending Local Environmental Knowledge Methodological Issues in Political Analysis of Environmental Construction From Production to Co‐Production

      11  Chapter 7: Challenges in Explanation Meetings in the Forest The Challenge of Land Change Science The Challenge of Causal Explanation Towards a Dialogue in Co‐Production

      12  Chapter 8: Degradation and Marginalization The Argument The Evidence Evaluating the Thesis Research Example: Common Property Disorders in Rajasthan

      13  Chapter 9: Conservation and Control The Argument The Evidence Evaluating the Thesis In the Field: The Biogeography of Power in the Aravalli

      14  Chapter 10: Environmental Conflict The Argument The Evidence Evaluating the Thesis Research Example: Gendered Landscapes and Resource Bottlenecks in the Thar

      15  Chapter 11: Environmental Subjects and Identities The Argument The