1  Cover

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright Page

      4  Map

      5  Abbreviations

      6  About the Authors

      7  Preface and Acknowledgements

      8  1 Making Sense of Twenty-First-Century India 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Past and Present 1.3 The Impact of Colonialism in India 1.4 The Invention of Modern India 1.5 The Reinvention of India

      9  Part One: Economy and Environment 2 When and Why Has India’s Economic Growth Accelerated? 2.1 Introduction: Thinking About Economic Growth 2.2 India’s History of Economic Growth 2.3 Economic Growth 1950–1992: A Story of Failure? 2.4 India’s ‘Economic Reforms’ and Growth in 1993–2001 2.5 ‘Superfast’ Growth, Slowdown and Questionable Recovery: 2002–2015 2.6 Conclusion 3 How ‘Inclusive’ is India’s Economic Growth? 3.1 Introduction: Economic Growth and ‘Development’ 3.2 Constructions and Measurements of Poverty 3.3 Poverty Trends in India 3.4 Durable Inequalities in Indian Society, Mobility and the Missing Middle Class 3.5 Conclusion 4 Why Isn’t India Doing Better at Realizing ‘Inclusive Growth’? 4.1 Introduction: The Pattern of India’s Economic Growth 4.2 Has the Growth Process Ignored Indian Agriculture? 4.3 ‘Jobless Growth’, ‘Excluded Labour’ and ‘Make in India’ 4.4 Conclusion: Binding Economic and Social Constraints 5 Can India’s Economic Growth Be Reconciled with Sustainability and Environmental Justice? 5.1 Introduction: The Costs of Environmental Degradation 5.2 The Environment and Development Debate: Must Growth Come First? 5.3 Environmental Conflicts: Capital, State, Civil Society and People 5.4 Environmental Policy and the Practice of Regulation 5.5 Conclusion

      10  Part Two: Politics 6 Has India Become the Hindu Rashtra? 6.1 Introduction: ‘God Man’ to Government 6.2 The RSS, the BJP and the Struggle for Hindutva 6.3 Temples, Gods and Gurus: Banal Hinduism, Banal Hindutva 6.4 Banal Hindutva, Communal Violence and the State 6.5 Hindutva Rising 6.6 Authoritarian Populism and the Indian Case 6.7 Conclusion 7 Is India’s Democracy at Risk? 7.1 Introduction 7.2 India as a Formal Democracy 7.3 India as Substantive Democracy 1947–2014 7.4 Substantive Democratization Since 2014 7.5 Conclusions 8 Why Hasn’t Democracy Made Indian Governments More Responsive? 8.1 Introduction: Economic and Social Rights and the Indian Constitution 8.2 The ‘New Rights Agenda’ 8.3 From Rights Legislation to Implementation 8.4 Social Rights under the First Modi Government 8.5 How Government Works 8.6 Conclusions 9 Is There a Countermovement against Neoliberalism in India? 9.1 Introduction: Polanyi’s Idea of the ‘Double Movement’ and India Today 9.2 Towards Social Movement Unionism? 9.3 Rural Struggles: Agrarian Crisis, and the ‘New’ Land Question 9.4 Middle-Class Activism 9.5 Conclusions

      11  Part Three: Society 10 Is India Witnessing a Social Revolution? 10.1 Introduction 10.2 What is the Social Revolution? 10.3 Cultural Renaissance 10.4 Growing Prominence of Civil Society 10.5