1 Chapter 4Map 4.1 Bosnia and Herzegovina

      2 Chapter 5Map 5.1 Sudan and its neighbours

      3 Chapter 6Map 6.1 Macedonia

      4 Chapter 7Map 7.1 CyprusMap 7.2 UNMEE in Ethiopia and Eritrea

      5 Chapter 8Map 8.1 El SalvadorMap 8.2 CambodiaMap 8.3 RwandaMap 8.4 Sierra Leone

      6 Chapter 9Map 9.1 SomaliaMap 9.2 Timor-LesteMap 9.3 Eastern-Central Democratic Republic of the Congo

      7 Chapter 10Map 10.1 AfghanistanMap 10.2 Democratic Republic of the CongoMap 10.3 MaliMap 10.4 Central African Republic

      8 Chapter 11Map 11.1 UNMIK in Kosovo

      9 Chapter 13Map 13.1 Liberia

      10 Chapter 16Map 16.1 South Sudan

      1 Chapter 1Box 1.1 Advocates of liberal peaceBox 1.2 The global cultural determinants of peace operations

      2 Chapter 2Box 2.1 ‘Uniting for peace’ in the UN General AssemblyBox 2.2 Assembling a United Nations peacekeeping operation

      3 Chapter 4Box 4.1 Boutros-Ghali on the failure of UN peace operations

      4 Chapter 5Box 5.1 The Brahimi Report and the future of peace operations

      5 Chapter 6Box 6.1 Ken Menkhaus’s conflict prevention chainBox 6.2 Proposals for UN standing forces: a very short history

      6 Chapter 7Box 7.1 Hammarskjöld’s principles for the conduct of UNEF IBox 7.2 UNEF I’s mandate

      7 Chapter 8Box 8.1 UN responsibilities under the Chapultepec AccordsBox 8.2 UNAMIR: small and cheap

      8 Chapter 9Box 9.1 Security Council action under Chapter VII

      9 Chapter 11Box 11.1 Institutionalization before liberalization: six prioritiesBox 11.2 Security Council Resolution 1244 and the transitional administration in Kosovo

      10 Chapter 12Box 12.1 Training United Nations peacekeepersBox 12.2 Key capability gaps in UN peacekeeping operations, May 2017

      11 Chapter 13Box 13.1 Boutros-Ghali on the UN and regional arrangements, 1992

      12 Chapter 14Box 14.1 The International Stability Operations Association (ISOA)Box 14.2 Bancroft Global Development’s support to AMISOM in SomaliaBox 14.3 Executive Outcomes in Angola, 1993–5

      13 Chapter 17Box 17.1 Barriers to the deployment of uniformed women in peace operations

      14 Chapter 18Box 18.1 United Nations police mandated tasks, most to least frequent, 1995–2013Box 18.2 Types of police peacekeepersBox 18.3 Traditional policing in ONUMOZBox 18.4 Executive policing in Kosovo

      15 Chapter 19Box 19.1 Blue helmets and black markets in the siege of Sarajevo

      1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Westphalian, post-Westphalian and stabilization approaches

      2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Peace operations: a typology with examplesTable 2.2 Old and new UN peacekeeping scales of assessment

      3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 The United Nations: lessons learned?Table 3.2 UN-led peace operations, 1945–1987Table 3.3 Examples of larger non-UN peace operations, 1947–1987

      4 Chapter 4Table 4.1 Explaining the triple transformationTable 4.2 UNPROFOR’s changing mandateTable 4.3 Key DPKO recommendations from its Comprehensive Report on … UNAMIR (1996)

      5 Chapter 5Table 5.1 Implementing the Brahimi Report: a contemporary scorecard

      6 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Problems and success factors in assisting transitions

      7 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Chapter VII resolutions, 1946–1989

      8 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Contending approaches to transitional administrations

      9 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Examples of peace operations conducted by regional organizations since 1990

      10 Chapter 14Table 14.1 The variety of arrangements for allocating violence

      11 Chapter 16Table 16.1 Caveats in UN protection of civilians peacekeeping mandates

      12 Chapter 17Table 17.1 SEA allegations in UN peace operations, 2007–2019

      13 Chapter 18Table 18.1 Top ten UN police contributors in the twenty-first century

      14 Chapter 20Table 20.1 Potential modes of exit for peace operations

      1  iii

      2  iv

      3  xii

      4  xiii

      5  xiv

      6  xv

      7  xvi

      8  xvii

      9