1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 Advantages of each type of membrane [21].Table 1.2 Desired solvent properties and its impact on the absorption process...Table 1.3Low heat value (LHV) efficiency, carbon intensity, and energy penalty i...

      2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Summary of published CFD studies concerning amine scrubbers.Table 2.2 Summary of published CFD studies concerning carbon capture technolo...Table 2.3 Summary of published CFD studies concerning oxy‐fuel technologies.

      3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Hydrogen‐selective membrane types [70, 71].Table 3.2 Summary of main characteristics of electrolyzers [103–105].Table 3.3 Summary of main features of CO electrolyzers or co‐electrolyzers.

      4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Biogas composition from different sources [13,15,18–22].Table 6.2 Technical features of biogas upgrading technologies.Table 6.3 Energy consumption and efficiency range of biogas upgrading technol...Table 6.4 Precipitation with Ca⁺–Mg⁺‐rich compound studies.

      5 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Contaminant treatability for the major purification technologies [2...Table 7.2 Advantages and disadvantages of techniques for removal of water [16...

      6 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Gibbs free energy, enthalpy change, and standard equilibrium const...Table 10.2 Companies and institutions involved in the production of methanol ...Table 10.3 PtG (demonstration) projects in Europe reported by the European Po...Table 10.4 Mass and energy balance for the methanol CCU plant according to bi...Table 10.5 Economic evaluation for the methanol CCU plant according to biblio...Table 10.6 Environmental evaluation for the methanol CCU plant according to b...

      7 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Overview of the catalysts employed in the methanation studies.Table 11.2 Overview of the CO₂ content of some gas mixtures in industrial app...Table 11.3 Composition of oxyfuel and conventional flue gas from lignite powe...

      8 Chapter 12Table 12.1 Selection of some recent work in CO₂ hydrogenation to CO.

      9 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Summary of some of the most relevant studies dealing with the prod...

      10 Chapter 17Table 17.1 List of different MOFs and their performance in cycloaddition reac...

      1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Diagram of pre‐combustion capture for power generation in IGCC....Figure 1.2 Process schematic of a simplified commercial scale natural gas Al...Figure 1.3 The adsorption process: (a) difference of physisorption and chemi...Figure 1.4 Comparison of TSA and PSA for the regeneration of solid adsorbent...Figure 1.5 Calcium looping system as post‐combustion configuration.Figure 1.6 Chemical looping combustion. Me_xO_y/Me_xO_y−1 denotes the reci...Figure 1.7 Scheme of a single‐stage membrane system.Figure 1.8 General chemical absorption configurationFigure 1.9 Two main options for CO₂ capture using fuel cells. (a) The FC oxi...Figure 1.10 Superstructure of SOFC – CO₂ capture process configurations.Figure 1.11 Schematic integration of a power plant with a post‐combustion COFigure 1.12 Review of current TRL of different CO₂ capture technologies. *Th...

      2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Time and length scales of the simulation methods available for CC...Figure 2.2 This schematic illustration depicts the flow of information betwe...Figure 2.3 (a) Details of the space discretization of the calciner, (b) map ...Figure 2.4 (a) Details of the volume fraction map describing the liquid flow...Figure 2.5 (a) Parity plot showing the match between the numerical and the e...Figure 2.6 Pressure maps within PBR reactors obtained using CFD simulations ...

      3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Gas transport through a membrane.Figure 3.2 Diffusion and solubility coefficient for different polyimides....Figure 3.3 Upper bound correlation for (a) CO₂/CH₄ separation and (b) CO₂/N₂Figure 3.4 (a, b) Steps involved in the oxygen permeation through an oxygen ...Figure 3.5 Simplified process layouts for oxygen permeating membrane modules...Figure 3.6 Enthalpy and free energy of CO₂ and H₂O reduction reactions and w...Figure 3.7 Schematic representation of the CO₂ and Co‐electrolyzer systems....Figure 3.8 (a) Representation of the four chemical steps. (b) Protonic membr...Figure 3.9 Co‐ionic catalytic membrane reactor.

      4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Overview of reaction pathways for CO₂ toward different products. ...Figure 4.2 Reaction path for methanol synthesis (MS) by CO₂ hydrogenation on...Figure 4.3 Proposed mechanism for dry reforming of methane on Ni catalyst....Figure 4.4 (a) 2D contour map of the theoretical reduction potential in term...Figure 4.5 Cartoon of the neural network potential used to directly relax an...

      5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 World crude steel production in million tonnes reported by the Wo...Figure 5.2 Regional share of steel production in 2018.Figure 5.3 Stainless steel market diagram adapted from that published by the...Figure 5.4 Main actors and actions for the transition toward a zero‐emission...Figure 5.5 Power‐to‐X concepts overview.

      6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Annual record of CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere from 2013 to...Figure 6.2 Evolution of biogas production plants from 2010 to 2016.Figure 6.3 Some options for bio‐methane