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(Fuerza Aerea Salvadorena, FAS) (2008)

      Military service age and obligation:

      18 years of age for selective compulsory military service; 16 years of age for voluntary service; service obligation - 8 months, but 11 months for officers and NCOs (2008)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 1,634,816 females age 16–49: 1,775,474 (2008 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 1,168,406 females age 16–49: 1,519,375 (2008 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 73,915 female: 71,252 (2008 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      5% of GDP (2006)

      Transnational Issues

       El Salvador

      Disputes - international:

      International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones" (disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, in 1992, with final agreement by the parties in 2006 after an Organization of American States (OAS) survey and a further ICJ ruling in 2003; the 1992 ICJ ruling advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf of Fonseca advocating Honduran access to the Pacific; El Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not identified in the ICJ decision, off Honduras in the Gulf of Fonseca

      Illicit drugs:

      transshipment point for cocaine; small amounts of marijuana produced for local consumption; significant use of cocaine

      This page was last updated on 18 December, 2008

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      @Equatorial Guinea

      Introduction

       Equatorial Guinea

      Background:

      Equatorial Guinea gained independence in 1968 after 190 years of Spanish rule. This tiny country, composed of a mainland portion plus five inhabited islands, is one of the smallest on the African continent. President Teodoro OBIANG NGUEMA MBASOGO has ruled the country since 1979 when he seized power in a coup. Although nominally a constitutional democracy since 1991, the 1996 and 2002 presidential elections - as well as the 1999 and 2004 legislative elections - were widely seen as flawed. The president exerts almost total control over the political system and has discouraged political opposition. Equatorial Guinea has experienced rapid economic growth due to the discovery of large offshore oil reserves, and in the last decade has become Sub-Saharan Africa's third largest oil exporter. Despite the country's economic windfall from oil production resulting in a massive increase in government revenue in recent years, there have been few improvements in the population's living standards.

      Geography

       Equatorial Guinea

      Location:

      Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between Cameroon and

       Gabon

      Geographic coordinates:

      2 00 N, 10 00 E

      Map references:

      Africa

      Area:

      total: 28,051 sq km land: 28,051 sq km water: 0 sq km

      Area - comparative:

      slightly smaller than Maryland

      Land boundaries:

      total: 539 km border countries: Cameroon 189 km, Gabon 350 km

      Coastline:

      296 km

      Maritime claims:

      territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm

      Climate:

      tropical; always hot, humid

      Terrain:

      coastal plains rise to interior hills; islands are volcanic

      Elevation extremes:

      lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m highest point: Pico Basile 3,008 m

      Natural resources:

      petroleum, natural gas, timber, gold, bauxite, diamonds, tantalum, sand and gravel, clay

      Land use:

      arable land: 4.63% permanent crops: 3.57% other: 91.8% (2005)

      Irrigated land:

      NA

      Total renewable water resources:

      26 cu km (2001)

      Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

      total: 0.11 cu km/yr (83%/16%/1%) per capita: 220 cu m/yr (2000)

      Natural hazards:

      violent windstorms, flash floods

      Environment - current issues:

      tap water is not potable; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements:

      party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

      insular and continental regions widely separated

      People

       Equatorial Guinea

      Population:

      616,459 (July 2008 est.)

      Age structure:

      0–14 years: 42% (male 131,696/female 127,253) 15–64 years: 53.8% (male 162,458/female 169,445) 65 years and over: 4.2% (male 11,394/female 14,213) (2008 est.)

      Median age:

      total: 18.9 years male: 18.3 years female: 19.5 years (2008 est.)

      Population growth rate:

      2.732% (2008 est.)

      Birth rate:

      37.04 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)

      Death rate:

      9.72 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)

      Net migration rate:

      NA (2008 est.)

      Sex ratio:

      at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15–64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2008 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

      total: 83.75 deaths/1,000 live births male: 84.85 deaths/1,000 live births female: 82.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

      total population: 61.23 years male: 60.36 years female: 62.13 years (2008 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

      5.16 children born/woman (2008 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

      3.4% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

      5,900 (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

      370 (2001 est.)

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