The 1991 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency
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red that is based on the fly side and extends to the hoist side; a brown and white American bald eagle flying toward the hoist side is carrying two traditional Samoan symbols of authority, a staff and a war club
_#_Note: administered by the US Department of Interior, Office of Territorial and International Affairs; indigenous inhabitants are US nationals, not citizens of the US
_*Economy #_Overview: Economic development is strongly linked to the US, with which American Samoa does 90% of its foreign trade. Tuna fishing and tuna processing plants are the backbone of the private-sector economy, with canned tuna the primary export. The tuna canneries are the second-largest employer, exceeded only by the government. Other economic activities include meat canning, handicrafts, dairy farming, and a slowly developing tourist industry.
_#_GNP: $190 million, per capita $5,210; real growth rate NA% (1985)
_#_Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.3% (1989)
_#_Unemployment rate: 13.4% (1986)
_#_Budget: revenues $51.2 million; expenditures $59.9 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (1990)
_#_Exports: $288 million (f.o.b., 1987);
commodities—canned tuna 93%;
partners—US 99.6%
_#_Imports: $346 million (c.i.f., 1987);
commodities—building materials 18%, food 17%, petroleum products 14%;
partners—US 72%, Japan 7%, NZ 7%, Australia 5%, other 9%
_#_External debt: $NA
_#_Industrial production: growth rate NA%
_#_Electricity: 42,000 kW capacity; 85 million kWh produced, 2,020 kWh per capita (1990)
_#_Industries: tuna canneries (largely dependent on foreign supplies of raw tuna)
_#_Agriculture: bananas, coconuts, vegetables, taro, breadfruit, yams, copra, pineapples, papayas
_#_Economic aid: $21,042,650 million in operational funds and $5,948,931 million in construction funds for capital improvement projects from the US Department of Interior (1991)
_#_Currency: US currency is used
_#_Exchange rates: US currency is used
_#_Fiscal year: 1 October-30 September
_*Communications #_Railroads: none
_#_Highways: 350 km total; 150 km paved, 200 km unpaved
_#_Ports: Pago Pago, Ta'u
_#_Airports: 4 total, 4 usable; 2 with permanent-surface runways; none with runways over 3,659 m; 1 with runways 2,440 to 3,659 m (international airport at Tafuna, near Pago Pago); small airstrips on Ta'u and Ofu
_#_Telecommunications: 6,500 telephones; stations—1 AM, 2 FM, 1 TV; good telex, telegraph, and facsimile services; 1 Pacific Ocean INTELSAT earth station, 1 COMSAT earth station
_*Defense Forces #Note: defense is the responsibility of the US % @Andorra *Geography #_Total area: 450 km2; land area: 450 km2
_#_Comparative area: slightly more than 2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
_#_Land boundaries: 125 km total; France 60 km, Spain 65 km
_#_Coastline: none—landlocked
_#_Maritime claims: none—landlocked
_#_Climate: temperate; snowy, cold winters and cool, dry summers
_#_Terrain: rugged mountains dissected by narrow valleys
_#_Natural resources: hydropower, mineral water, timber, iron ore, lead
_#_Land use: arable land 2%; permanent crops 0%; meadows and pastures 56%; forest and woodland 22%; other 20%
_#_Environment: deforestation, overgrazing
_#_Note: landlocked
_*People #_Population: 53,197 (July 1991), growth rate 2.4% (1991)
_#_Birth rate: 11 births/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Death rate: 4 deaths/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Net migration rate: 16 migrants/1,000 population (1991)
_#_Infant mortality rate: 7 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)
_#_Life expectancy at birth: 74 years male, 81 years female (1991)
_#_Total fertility rate: 1.3 children born/woman (1991)
_#_Nationality: noun—Andorran(s); adjective—Andorran
_#_Ethnic divisions: Catalan stock; Spanish 61%, Andorran 30%, French 6%, other 3%
_#_Religion: virtually all Roman Catholic
_#_Language: Catalan (official); many also speak some French and Castilian
_#_Literacy: NA% (male NA%, female NA%)
_#_Labor force: NA
_#_Organized labor: none
_*Government #_Long-form name: Principality of Andorra
_#_Type: unique coprincipality under formal sovereignty of president of France and Spanish bishop of Seo de Urgel, who are represented locally by officials called verguers
_#_Capital: Andorra la Vella
_#_Administrative divisions: 7 parishes (parroquies, singular—parroquia); Andorra, Canillo, Encamp, La Massana, Les Escaldes, Ordino, Sant Julia de Loria
_#_Independence: 1278
_#_Constitution: none; some pareatges and decrees, mostly custom and usage
_#_Legal system: based on French and Spanish civil codes; no judicial review of legislative acts; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
_#_National holiday: Mare de Deu de Meritxell, 8 September
_#_Executive branch: two co-princes (president of France, bishop of Seo de Urgel in Spain), two designated representatives (French veguer, Episcopal veguer), two permanent delegates (French prefect for the department of Pyrenees-Orientales, Spanish vicar general for the Seo de Urgel diocese), president of government, Executive Council
_#_Legislative branch: unicameral General Council of the Valleys (Consell General de las Valls)
_#_Judicial branch: civil cases—Supreme Court of Andorra at Perpignan (France) or the Ecclesiastical Court of the bishop of Seo de Urgel (Spain); criminal cases—Tribunal of the Courts (Tribunal des Cortes)
_#_Leaders:
Chiefs of State—French Co-Prince Francois MITTERRAND (since 21
May 1981), represented by Veguer de Franca Jean Pierre COURTOIS;
Spanish Episcopal Co-Prince Mgr. Joan MARTI y Alanis (since 31
January 1971), represented by Veguer Episcopal Francesc BADIA Batalla;
Head of Government—Oscar RIBAS Reig (since NA January 1990)
_#_Political parties and leaders: political parties not yet legally recognized; traditionally no political parties but partisans for particular independent candidates for the General Council on the basis of competence, personality, and orientation toward Spain or France; various small pressure groups developed in 1972; first formal political party, Andorran Democratic Association, was formed in 1976 and reorganized in 1979 as Andorran Democratic Party
_#_Suffrage: universal at age 18
_#_Elections:
General Council of the Valleys—last held 11 December 1989 (next to be held December 1993); results—percent of vote NA; seats—(28 total) number of seats by party NA
_#_Communists: negligible
_#_Member of: CSCE, INTERPOL, IOC
_#_Diplomatic