Английский язык. Теория и практика. Употребление времен. Ричард Грант
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to say good-night, her children already … (to fall) asleep. 8. I (to finish) my homework at seven o’clock. 9. My friends (to be) glad to hear that I (to pass) all the exams successfully. 10. Scott already … (to prepare) the dinner when her husband … (to get) home from work. 11. I (to finish) my homework by seven o’clock. 12. Poor Oliver (to lie) unconscious on the spot where Sikes (to leave) him. 13. When Brad and Susan … (to get) married, they … (to know) each other for 3 years. 14. He (to think) that he (to lose) the money. 15. Mary (to tell) us that she (to cook) a good dinner.
Упражнение 39
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.
1. He (to open) his eyes, (to look) around and (to try) to remember what (to happen) to him. 2. She … (not to enjoy) the film because she … (to read) the book before. 3. Ann (to tell) me that she (to see) an interesting film. 4. All the passengers (to see) at once that the old man (to travel) a great deal in his life. 5. Our apartment … (to be) in a mess because I … (to have) a birthday party the night before. 6. When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner. 7. By the time we (to come) to see him, he (to return) home. 8. We … (not to go) to a restaurant because we … (to spend) all our money on clothes. 9. When father (to return) from work, we already (to do) our homework. 10. During the holidays my friend (to visit) the village where he (to live) in his childhood. 11. Mary … (can’t go skating) after she … (to break) her leg. 12. When the teacher (to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books. 13. When they (to enter) the hall, the performance already (to begin). 14. Larry … (to be) late because he … (to get) stuck in a traffic jam. 15. Kate (to give) me the book which she (to buy) the day before. 16. Yesterday I (to find) the book which I (to lose) in summer.
Упражнение 40
Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Past Simple или Past Perfect.
1. When I came home, my mother (to tell) me that she (to receive) a letter from grandfather. 2. Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which he (to draw). 3. Where you (to work) before you (to go) to university? 4. The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field. 5. He (to know) French before he (to visit) France. 6. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands. 7. Lanny (to say) that he (to get) his education in Cape Town. 8. The teacher (to understand) that Lena (not to do) her homework. 9. The boy (to want) to act the main part in the play because he (to organize) the theatre. 10. I (to know) that my friend (not yet to come). 11. Lanny (not to know) who (to attack) him in the darkness. 12. When I (to wake) up yesterday, father already (to go) to work. 13. The girl (to be) glad that she (to find) a seat near the window. 14. Nick (to think) that his father (not yet to come) home. 15. Suddenly he (to remember) that he (not to ring) her up in the morning. 16. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to leave).
Разница между The Present Perfect и The Past Perfect
Время Present Perfect используют для описания действия, которое завершилось к настоящему моменту, в то время как Past Perfect – для действия, которое началось и завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом.
Основные слова-маркеры Past Perfect и Present Perfect: already (уже), just (только что), since (с), yet (уже; еще не), ever (когда-либо), for (на протяжении).
He has already left, but you can call him and ask to wait for you. – Он уже ушел, но ты можешь ему позвонить и попросить подождать тебя. – Present Perfect – (действие завершилось к определенному моменту в настоящем)
When I called the police, the thief had already gone. – Когда я позвонил в полицию, вор уже убежал. – Past Perfect – (действие завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом)
I haven’t finished cooking yet. Can you, please, wait a bit? – Я еще не закончила готовить ужин. Можешь, пожалуйста, немного подождать? – Present Perfect – (действие завершилось к определенному моменту в настоящем)
I hadn’t finished cooking dinner yet so he ate a sandwich. – Он пришел домой очень рано вчера. Я еще не закончила готовить ужин, поэтому он съел сэндвич. – Past Perfect – (действие завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом)
We have been married for 20 years, and now he wants to get divorced. – Мы женаты 20 лет, и теперь он хочет развестись. – Present Perfect – (действие завершилось к определенному моменту в настоящем)
We had been married for 20 years and got divorced in 2018. – Мы были женаты 20 лет и развелись в 2018. – Past Perfect – (действие завершилось к определенному моменту в прошлом)
Разница между The Future Perfect, The Future Simple и The Future Continuous
Future Simple – что-то произойдет в будущем – говорим об этом как о факте, без акцента на продолжительности или завершенности