Iceland Within the Northern Atlantic, Volume 2. Группа авторов

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Iceland Within the Northern Atlantic, Volume 2 - Группа авторов


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id="ulink_f4eec379-fd1c-5872-854a-14c6050576f2">Another major volcanic structure is located in the center of the ice cap, directly above the top of the mantle plume: it is the triple caldera of Grímsvötn (Figures I.9 and I.11), which emitted the vast majority of basaltic tephra that hide the glaciers and reach the lands surrounding the North Atlantic.

      The latter were the locus of a first submarine eruption in 1963 (building of the Surtsey volcano), then of a fissural eruption (followed by a strombolian phase) partially destroying the town of Vestmanayer on the main island of Heimaey in 1973.

      If in the north of the island the current earthquakes occur mainly offshore, the Húsavík and Kopasker agglomerations are however far from being sheltered from a significant seismic event, and in the south, several major earthquakes have occurred very recently (Mw 6–7; June 2000, May 2008).


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