1  Cover

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright

      4  Dedication

      5  About the Author

      6  Acknowledgements

      7  Selected Abbreviations

      8  Preface Notes

      9  Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Recasting Demographics 1.2 Effects and Implications of Demographics Notes

      10  Chapter 2: Core Data: Past, Present, and Future 2.1 Economic History and the History of Global Population Trends 2.2 Core Demographic Variables: Data, Analysis, and Some Observations 2.3 The Role of Migration 2.4 Urbanisation 2.5 Small Nation-States: Demographics 2.6 Changing Longevity—Metrics Need Changing 2.7 Changing Social and Individual Behaviour 2.8 Multiple Generations 2.9 Conclusion Notes

      11  Chapter 3: Demographics and Macroeconomics 3.1 Demographics and Economic Growth 3.2 The “Demographic Dividend” and GDP per Capita Growth 3.3 Inflation 3.4 Debt, Deficits, and Fiscal Sustainability 3.5 Demographics, Monetary Policy, and Interest Rates 3.6 Demographics and Unemployment 3.7 Demographics, Capital Flows, and Current Account 3.8 Conclusions Notes

      12  Chapter 4: Demographics and Asset Prices 4.1 Theories of Life-Cycle Consumption, Savings, and the Permanent Income Hypothesis 4.2 How Demographics Influences Equity Prices and Markets 4.3 Will There Be an Asset Market Meltdown When the Baby Boomers Retire? 4.4 Demographic Changes and Interest Rates (Bond Yields) 4.5 Demographics and Risk Premiums 4.6 Asset Holdings and Age 4.7 Demographics and Equity Sectors 4.8 Demographics and Real Estate 4.9 Demographics and Commodities 4.10 Conclusions Notes

      13  Chapter 5: Health and Longevity 5.1 Health Issues, Expenditures, and Measures 5.2 Longevity 5.3 Conclusions Notes

      14  Chapter 6: Pensions and Retirement 6.1 A Brief History of Social Security and Pensions 6.2 Evaluating Pension Systems: Indicators and Cross-Country Comparisons 6.3 Evaluating Age-Related Pension Expenditures Across Countries 6.4 Pensions and Pension Systems: The Experts 6.5 Pensions, Asset Allocation, Investments, and Capital Markets 6.6 Pensions and Corporate Finance/Equity Prices 6.7 The Future of Retirement and Conclusions Notes

      15  Chapter 7: Quality of Life, Gender, Governance and Sustainability 7.1 Utility Theory, Social Welfare, and Happiness 7.2 Quality of Life: Human Development Index (HDI) 7.3 Gender and Governance 7.4 Corruption and Transparency 7.5 Sustainability and Climate Change 7.6 Politics and Geopolitics 7.7