The Jacquard Machine Analyzed and Explained. E. A. Posselt
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Screws, f, dotted in drawing, on head of plunger, fasten the griffe to it.
Part III. in Fig. I. illustrates the attachment for providing the lifting of the plunger in a hand-loom, likewise the griffe, etc. This consists of a triangular shaped frame 14–¼ inches high, or less, according to height of room. This part is fastened to the front part of the frame by bolts at o and p. In the slot at the top, between r and s, a wooden cylinder of 3–½ inches diameter is fastened to an iron shaft resting in the frame at t.
At 13 a leather strap is fastened to this cylinder and to the plunger 14. It will easily be seen that by turning the wooden cylinder in the direction of the arrows, 15, the plunger will be raised with the griffe fastened to its top. By reversing the action of the cylinder, the plunger and griffe will return to their previous positions. The action thus described constitutes a “single lift,” raising and lowering of plunger and griffe for each pick.
THE CATCHES.
At IV., Fig. I., the “catches” for turning the cylinder at the lantern are illustrated. The distance of the centre of the screws which hold the catches to the frame is 4–¾ inches. Between these two catches the cylinder is adjusted to the batten, and the direction of its turning is regulated by the catch which is brought in contact with the lantern. If the catch, y, turns, the cylinder will turn the card situated on its top towards the needle-board, and if catch, z, is brought into contact with the lantern, the card hanging below the needle-board will be the next in turn to be pushed towards the needles.
The entire length of the catches in the present illustration is 8 ins., allowing 5–¼ ins. for the catch itself and 2–¾ ins. for the part to which it is fastened. Making this catch in two pieces is preferable to the old style of one piece, because the moment of turning the cylinder can be more easily regulated.
THE GRIFFE.
Fig. III.
Fig. III. illustrates the top view of the griffe. As mentioned before, the griffe is fastened to the plunger by means of screws. In the drawing the dark shaded places marked f are the hollow places in the griffe, through which the screws fasten the latter to the plunger. The griffe, like the other parts explained, is made of cast iron, and the machine is of the following dimensions:
| Length of griffe, a to b, | = 9–¾ inches. |
| Depth of griffe, a to c, | = 6–⅝ inches. |
| Extension on each side, e to f, | = 1–½ inches. |
| Distance of griffe-bars, s to s, | = ⅞ inch. |
| Length of griffe-bars, m to n, | = 9–¼ inches. |
| Height of griffe-bars, [see Fig. IV., sectional cut of griffe-bars,] | = ⅞ inch. inches. |
Fig. IV.
THE HOOK.
Fig. V.
Fig. V. represents a hook as used in the present machine, made of No. 13–¼ bright spring wire. Height, a to c, = 16–⅝ inches. Height of rester, b to c, = 6–⅝ inches.
THE NEEDLE.
Fig. VI. illustrates a needle, as used in connection with the hook. Distance from head to loop, 9–⅛ inches, = a to c. Length of loop, 1–⅝ inches, = c to d. 10–¾ inches entire length.
Fig. VI.
The distance from head to eye (for passing through the hook) is regulated according to the row in which the needle belongs. In the present illustration this is, Head to eye, = 7 inches, = a to b. The eye, = ⅜ inch, = b.
Eight different positions of the distance of the eye from head will be required by an 8-row machine. The needles are made of No. 15–½ bright spring wire. The loop on the end, c to d, permits a pin to be inserted, [see Fig. VII., o], and also holds the needle in position.
Fig. VII.
Fig. VII. gives a clear understanding of the arrangement of hooks, needles, griffe-bars, springs, frame for holding the latter, and the needle-board. This drawing is in accordance with the preceding ones, executed one-fourth of the actual size, and represents the sectional cut of one cross-row in the Jacquard machine containing 8 hooks, (as it is an 8-row deep machine which we explain): e to e´, 1st hook; f to f´, 2d hook; g to g´, 3d hook; h to h´, 4th hook; i to i´, 5th hook; k to k´, 6th hook; l to l´, 7th hook; m to m´, 8th hook. These hooks are held in their required places by the eyes of the needles [see place v at hook 1], through which the former are passed.
The needles rest with their heads in the needle-board, a to b, extending outside, towards the cylinder, for about ½ inch. The rear part of the needle—the loop—is passed between two bars of the spring frame, n, p, and held by the latter firmly, but with sufficient play for a longitudinal motion for pressing towards their springs. The pin, o, is inserted for holding the springs in their places. One pin is required for each vertical row of needles. The part of the spring frame, r, n, p, s, unshaded, is made of cast iron; the shaded part (extension) is constructed of wood. Below the upper crook of the hooks, the black sections represent a sectional cut of the griffe-bars; v to w indicates the rester for the lower hooks, which keeps the latter in their required position.
A study of this illustration will show that when the heads of the needles, a-b,