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with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 10

       with unpaved runways under 914 m: 226 (1994 est.)

      Communications———————

      Telephones: 2,773,293 (1993 est.)

      Telephone system: almost two-thirds of the lines are residential;

       67% of Sofia households have telephones (November 1988 est.)

       domestic: extensive but antiquated transmission system of coaxial

       cable and microwave radio relay; telephone service is available in

       most villages

       international: direct dialing to 36 countries; satellite earth

       stations - 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean Region); Intelsat

       available through a Greek earth station

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 20, FM 15, shortwave 0

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 29 (Russian repeater in Sofia 1)

      Televisions: 2.1 million (May 1990 est.)

      Defense———

      Branches: Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces, Border Troops,

       Internal Troops

      Manpower availability: males age 15–49: 2,155,332 males fit for military service: 1,797,318 males reach military age (19) annually: 64,568 (1996 est.)

      Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $352 million, 2.5% of GDP (1995)

      ======================================================================

      @Burkina Faso——————

      Map—

      Location: 13 00 N, 2 00 W—Western Africa, north of Ghana

      Flag——

      Description: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and green with a yellow five-pointed star in the center; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia

      Geography————

      Location: Western Africa, north of Ghana

      Geographic coordinates: 13 00 N, 2 00 W

      Map references: Africa

      Area:

       total area: 274,200 sq km

       land area: 273,800 sq km

       comparative area: slightly larger than Colorado

      Land boundaries:

       total: 3,192 km

       border countries: Benin 306 km, Ghana 548 km, Cote d'Ivoire 584 km,

       Mali 1,000 km, Niger 628 km, Togo 126 km

      Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

      Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

      International disputes: following mutual acceptance of an International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling in December 1986 on their international boundary dispute, Burkina Faso and Mali are proceeding with boundary demarcation, including the tripoint with Niger

      Climate: tropical; warm, dry winters; hot, wet summers

      Terrain: mostly flat to dissected, undulating plains; hills in

       west and southeast

       lowest point: Black Volta River 200 m

       highest point: Tena Kourou 749 m

      Natural resources: manganese, limestone, marble; small deposits of

       gold, antimony, copper, nickel, bauxite, lead, phosphates, zinc,

       silver

      Land use:

       arable land: 10%

       permanent crops: 0%

       meadows and pastures: 37%

       forest and woodland: 26%

       other: 27%

      Irrigated land: 160 sq km (1989 est.)

      Environment:

       current issues: recent droughts and desertification severely

       affecting agricultural activities, population distribution, and the

       economy; overgrazing; soil degradation; deforestation

       natural hazards: recurring droughts

       international agreements: party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change,

       Endangered Species, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer

       Protection, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Desertification,

       Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban

      Geographic note: landlocked

      People———

      Population: 10,623,323 (July 1996 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 48% (male 2,569,806; female 2,537,106)

       15–64 years: 49% (male 2,444,601; female 2,738,726)

       65 years and over: 3% (male 145,479; female 187,605) (July 1996 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.53% (1996 est.)

      Birth rate: 47.02 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Death rate: 19.99 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Net migration rate: −1.74 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.89 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female

       all ages: 0.94 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 117.8 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 43.21 years male: 43.46 years female: 42.95 years (1996 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 6.8 children born/woman (1996 est.)

      Nationality:

       noun: Burkinabe (singular and plural)

       adjective: Burkinabe

      Ethnic divisions: Mossi about 24%, Gurunsi, Senufo, Lobi, Bobo,

       Mande, Fulani

      Religions: indigenous beliefs 40%, Muslim 50%, Christian (mainly

       Roman Catholic) 10%

      Languages: French (official), tribal languages belonging to

       Sudanic family, spoken by 90% of the population

      Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1995 est.)

       total population: 19.2%

       male: 29.5%

       female: 9.2%

      Government—————

      Name of country: conventional long form: none conventional short form: Burkina Faso former: Upper Volta

      Data code: UV

      Type of government: parliamentary

      Capital: Ouagadougou

      Administrative divisions: 30 provinces; Bam, Bazega, Bougouriba,

       Boulgou, Boulkiemde, Ganzourgou, Gnagna, Gourma, Houet, Kadiogo,

       Kenedougou, Komoe, Kossi, Kouritenga, Mouhoun, Namentenga, Naouri,

       Oubritenga, Oudalan, Passore, Poni, Sanguie, Sanmatenga, Seno,

       Sissili, Soum, Sourou, Tapoa, Yatenga, Zoundweogo

      Independence: 5 August

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