The 1996 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency
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or Cambodian People's Party (CPP), CHEA SIM; Buddhist Liberal
Democratic Party, SON SANN faction; Buddhist Liberal Democratic
Party, IENG MOULY faction; Democratic Kampuchea (DK, also known as
the Khmer Rouge), KHIEU SAMPHAN; Molinaka, PROM NEAKAREACH
International organization participation: ACCT, AsDB, CP, ESCAP,
FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO,
Intelsat (nonsignatory user), Interpol, ITU, Mekong Group, NAM, PCA,
UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
(applicant)
Diplomatic representation in US:
chief of mission: Ambassador VAR HUOTH
chancery: 4500 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
telephone: [1] (202) 726–7742
FAX: [1] (202) 726–8381
US diplomatic representation: chief of mission: Ambassador Kenneth M. QUINN embassy: 27 EO Street 240, Phnom Penh mailing address: Box P, APO AP 96546 telephone: [855] (23) 426436, 426438 FAX: [855] (23) 426437
Flag: three horizontal bands of blue (top), red (double width), and blue with a white three-towered temple representing Angkor Wat outlined in black in the center of the red band
Economy———
Economic overview: The Cambodian economy - virtually destroyed by decades of war - is slowly recovering. Government leaders are moving toward restoring fiscal and monetary discipline and have established good working relations with international financial institutions. Growth, starting from a low base, has been strong in 1991–95. Despite such positive developments, the reconstruction effort faces many tough challenges because of the persistence of internal political divisions and the related lack of confidence of foreign investors. Rural Cambodia, where 90% of about 9.5 million Khmer live, remains mired in poverty. The almost total lack of basic infrastructure in the countryside will hinder development and will contribute to a growing imbalance in growth between urban and rural areas over the near term. Moreover, the government's lack of experience in administering economic and technical assistance programs and rampant corruption among officials will slow the growth of critical public sector investment. The decline of inflation from the 1992 rate of more than 50% is one of the bright spots.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $7 billion (1995 est.)
GDP real growth rate: 6.7% (1995 est.)
GDP per capita: $660 (1995 est.)
GDP composition by sector: agriculture: 52% industry: 13.5% services: 34.5% (1993)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 6% (1995 est.)
Labor force: 2.5 million to 3 million by occupation: agriculture 80% (1988 est.)
Unemployment rate: NA%
Budget:
revenues: $210 million
expenditures: $346 million, including capital expenditures of $NA
(1994 est.)
Industries: rice milling, fishing, wood and wood products, rubber,
cement, gem mining
Industrial production growth rate: 7.9% (1993 est.)
Electricity: capacity: 40,000 kW production: 160 million kWh consumption per capita: 14 kWh (1993)
Agriculture: rice, rubber, corn, vegetables
Illicit drugs: key transshipment country for Golden Triangle heroin en route to West; possibly becoming money-laundering center; high-level narcotics-related corruption in government, military, and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of cannabis
Exports: $240.7 million (1995 est.) commodities: timber, rubber, soybeans, sesame partners: Singapore, Japan, Thailand, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia
Imports: $630.5 million (1995 est.) commodities: cigarettes, construction materials, petroleum products, machinery, motor vehicles partners: Singapore, Vietnam, Japan, Australia, Hong Kong, Indonesia
External debt: $383 million to OECD members (1993)
Economic aid: recipient: ODA, $NA note: IMF pledged $120 million in aid for 1995–98
Currency: 1 new riel (CR) = 100 sen
Exchange rates: riels (CR) per US$1 - 2,585 (December 1994), 2,470 (December 1993), 2,800 (September 1992), 500 (December 1991), 560 (1990)
Fiscal year: calendar year
Transportation———————
Railways: total: 603 km narrow gauge: 603 km 1.000-m gauge
Highways: total: 34,100 km paved: 3,000 km unpaved: 31,100 km (1994 est.)
Waterways: 3,700 km navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m; 282
km navigable to craft drawing 1.8 m
Ports: Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong Kaoh Kong,
Phnom Penh
Merchant marine:
total: 5 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 17,451 GRT/18,280
DWT (1995 est.)
Airports:
total: 14
with paved runways 2 438 to 3 047 m: 2
with paved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 2
with paved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 2
with unpaved runways 1 524 to 2 437 m: 1
with unpaved runways 914 to 1 523 m: 7 (1995 est.)
Heliports: 2 (1995 est.)
Communications———————
Telephones: 7,000 (1981 est.)
Telephone system: service barely adequate for government
requirements and virtually nonexistent for general public
domestic: NA
international: landline international service limited to Vietnam and
other adjacent countries; satellite earth station - 1 Intersputnik
(Indian Ocean Region)
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1, FM 0, shortwave 0
Radios: NA
Television broadcast stations: 1 (1986 est.)
Televisions: 70,000 (1993 est.)
Defense———
Branches:
Khmer Royal Armed Forces (KRAF): created in 1993 by the merger of
the Cambodian People's Armed Forces and the two noncommunist
resistance armies; note - the KRAF is also known as the Royal
Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF)
Resistance forces: National Army of Democratic Kampuchea (Khmer
Rouge)
Manpower availability: males age 15–49: 2,336,606 males fit for military service: 1,302,234 males reach military age (18) annually: 79,514 (1996 est.)
Defense expenditures: exchange rate conversion - $85 million, 1.4% of GDP (1995)
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@Cameroon————
Map—
Location: 6 00 N, 12 00 E—Western Africa, bordering the North
Atlantic Ocean, between Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria
Flag——
Description: