Disaster Response and Recovery. David A. McEntire
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Give two examples.
3 A terrorist has just blown up a courthouse in Seattle, Washington. What changes might occur when this takes place? What can you as an emergency manager do to effectively deal with the unique challenges associated with such a disaster?
4 The mayor and city manager in Birmingham, Alabama, are questioning you about the value of your position in the government. Explain what types of disasters could occur in your city and justify the need for response and recovery operations.
5 A flood has destroyed many homes and businesses in Greenville, Mississippi. How can you help your community recovery from disaster while also promoting the necessary changes to prevent a recurrence in the future?
6 As an emergency manager, you are frequently invited to speak to various organizations in your community. While discussing the goals of response and recovery to a group of Boy Scouts, one of those in attendance asks, “What is resilience?” How would you define it to the young man and explain why it is necessary to pursue after disaster strikes?
YOU TRY IT
How Can I Get Information About Hazards?
Answer the following questions by providing a list of organizations and their contact information: If you wanted information about hurricanes, who could you contact? If you desire details about the impacts of earthquakes, who could assist you? If you need to learn more about volcanic hazards, what government agency could assist you? If you sought to understand tornadoes better, who could answer your questions? What if you required a better comprehension of hazardous materials incidents? Who could provide such information? What about terrorism? Who could help you understand terrorist behavior more fully or accurately?
What Would I Do?
Suppose your community was affected by a tornado. What are the possible consequences of this hazard if it interacts with human vulnerability? What would you need to do to respond? What considerations should be taken into account for recovery?
The Interaction of Hazards
You are the emergency manager for New Orleans. Hurricane Katrina has just struck your community. What are the hazards? Are the hazards related? If so, how? What are the implications of compound or natech hazards?
Disasters and Change
Disasters result in a great deal of change. What are some of the changes you can expect? Are these good or bad? How would they impact your job as an emergency manager? Why is it important to be aware of them?
Meeting Demands
What are agent‐generated demands, response‐generated demands, normalcy‐generated demands, mitigation‐generated demands, and preparedness‐generated demands? Make a list of the demands placed on you and categorize them. How do these impact your job as an emergency manager? Do they present difficulties for you? How could you overcome them?
References
1 Aini MS, Fakhru’l‐Razi A, Daud M, Adam NM, Abdul Kadir R. (2005) Analysis of royal inquiry Report on the collapse of a building in Kuala Lumpur: Implications for developing countries. Disaster Prev Manag, 14 (1):55–79.
2 Blanchard Wayne B, Canton LG, Cwiak CL, Goss KC, McEntire DA, Newsom L, Selves MD, Sorchik EA, Stenson K, Turner III JE, Waugh Jr WL, West D. (2007) Principles of Emergency Management Supplement. Emmitsburg: Federal Emergency Management Agency. Available at http://training.fema.gov/EMIWeb/edu/emprinciples.asp. Accessed June 18, 2014.
3 Drabek TE. (1986) Human system responses to disaster: An inventory of sociological findings. Springer: New York.
4 Godschalk DR. (1991) Disaster mitigation and hazard management. In: Hoetmer GJ, Drabek TE, editors. Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government. Washington, DC: ICMA.
5 Jensen J. (2013, August 15) Report of the 2013 disciplinary purview focus group: scholarship and research to ground the emerging discipline of emergency management. Available at http://www.ndsu. edu/fileadmin/emgt/Jensen_‐013_REPORT_DISCPLINE_ISSUES_ WHITE_PAPER_FOCUS_GROUP 2_.pdf. Accessed June 27, 2014.
6 Kendra JM, Wachtendorf T. (2003) Reconsidering convergence and converger legitimacy in response to the World Trade Center disaster. In: Clarke L, editor. Terrorism and Disaster: New Threats, New Ideas. Research in Social Problems and Public Policy 11. New York: Elsevier. p 97–122.
7 McEntire DA. (2005) Revisiting the definition of ‘Hazard’ and the importance of reducing vulnerability. J Emerg Manag, 3 (4):9–11.
8 Mileti DS. (1999) Disasters by Design: A Reassessment of Natural Hazards in the United States. Washington, DC: Joseph Henry Press.
9 Ministry of the Interior. (2011) Red Sludge: Hungary 2010. Budapest: Ministry of the Interior.
10 Neal DM. (1997) Reconsidering the phases of disaster. Int J Mass Emerg Disasters, 15 (2):239–264.
11 Office of Homeland Security. (2002) National Strategy for Homeland Security. Washington, DC: Office of Homeland Security.
12 Perry RW. (1991) Managing disaster response operations. In: Drabek TE, Hoetmer GJ, editors. Emergency Management: Principles and Practice for Local Government. Washington, DC: ICMA. p 201–223.
13 Phillips BD, Neal DM, Webb GR. (2017) Introduction to Emergency Management. Second Edition. Boca Raton: CRC Press.
14 Quarantelli EL. (2006) Catastrophes are different than disasters: some implications or planning and management drawn from Hurricane Katrina. In: Understanding Katrina Perspectives from the Social Sciences. New York: Social Science Research Council.
15 UNISDR. (2013) Global assessment report on disaster risk reduction. Available at http://www.preventionweb.net/english/hyogo/gar/ 2013/en/home/index.html. Accessed on June 18, 2014.
2 Understanding the Actors: Roles and Responsibilities of Relevant Stakeholders
STARTING POINT
Pretest to assess your knowledge on roles and responsibilities of relevant stakeholders.
Determine where you need to concentrate your effort.
What You’ll Learn in This Chapter
Why many organizations are engaged after disasters.
The responsibilities of emergency management personnel.
The roles of major corporations and small businesses.
The activities of the nonprofit sector.
Anticipated citizen involvement in disasters.
How to work with different individuals and groups.
After Studying This Chapter, You’ll Be Able To
Compare the roles of the public and private sectors.
Differentiate duties of local, state, tribal and federal governments.
Convey how companies and businesses respond after disasters.
Examine the actions of non‐profit organizations.
Discuss how faith‐based organizations can assist disaster victims.
Describe emergent groups