Ecology of Indonesian Papua Part One. Andrew J. Marshall
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Selected References
Because a bibliography of all historical sources of information as well as the results of collecting mentioned in this review would fill a large volume, most works mentioned by author or title in the text are not repeated here. Only some more general sources are accounted for below.
BIBLIOGRAPHIES
The most substantial older twentieth-century bibliographies are Toa kyo-ei-ken sigenkagaku bunken mokuroku 1: [New Guinea] (1942, Dept. Education, Japan) and An annotated bibliography of the southwest Pacific and adjacent areas 1 and 2 (1944, Allied Geographical Section) along with a general bibliography in five volumes issued in the 1980s by the University of Papua New Guinea Library. For Papua there is also West Irian: a bibliography (1984, Dordrecht: Foris, as KITLV Bibl. Ser. 15) by J. van Baal, K. W. Galis, and R. M. Koentjaranigrat (a revision of Bibliographie van Nederlands-Nieuw-Guinea (1962) by Galis). For specific biota there have been published Bibliography of New Guinea entomology (1968, as Pacific Insects Monogr. 18) by J. L. Gressitt and J. J. H. Szent-Ivany; Bibliography of invertebrate animals from New Guinea (1973, in Science in New Guinea 1: 41–46) by W. H. Ewers; Papua New Guinea fisheries bibliography (1985, Port Moresby, as Dept. Primary Industry Tech. Rept. 85/3) by J. M. Lock and D. C. Waites; Bibliography of freshwater ecology in Papua New Guinea (1988, Waigani (Port Moresby), as Dept. Biology (UPNG) Occ. Pap. 9) by P. L. Osborne; and A bibliography of the flora and vegetation of Papua New Guinea (1996, in Papua New Guinea Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries 39(2): 20–168) by S. Saulei. The entomological bibliography contains taxonomic and subject indices; those of Lock/Waites and Saulei have broadly circumscribed subdivisions. More or less extensive lists of references furthermore appear in several of the other works listed here.
ENCYCLOPEDIC WORKS, GENERAL MONOGRAPHS, AND OTHER REVIEWS
General encyclopedic works on, or inclusive of, New Guinea are Neu-Guinea ([1899], Berlin: Schall, in their series Bibliothek der Länderkunde), ed. M. Krieger; Deutsches Kolonialreich (1910, Leipzig), ed. H. J. Meyer; Deutsch-Neu-Guinea (1911, Berlin: Reimer) by R. Neuhauss; Deutsches Kolonial-Lexikon (1920, Berlin) [now available on the Web]; Nieuw-Guinée (1935–38, the Hague) and its second edition, Nieuw-Guinea (1953–1954, the Hague), both ed. W. C. Klein and island-wide in coverage; and Encyclopaedia of Papua New Guinea (1972, Melbourne).
Very important for biota in general is Biogeography and Ecology of New Guinea (1982, Junk, as Monographiae biologicae 42), ed. J. L. Gressitt; a wide range of groups (and some ecosystems) is encompassed. Earlier coverage for flora and vegetation may be found in an essay by H. J. Lam in Nieuw-Guinée (1: 187–210) and one (with references) by C. G. G. J. van Steenis in its successor (2: 218–275); others have appeared since, including Documentation of the flora of New Guinea (pp. 123–156) by B. J. Conn in Biodiversity and terrestrial ecosystems (1994, Taipei, as Mon. Inst. Bot. Acad. Sin. 14), ed. C.-I. Peng and C.-H. Chou. For entomology reference may be made to La Nouvelle-Guinée Australienne: introductionécologique et entomologique by P. Jolivet (1971; in Cahiers du Pacifique (Paris) 15: 41–70).
More recent reviews, with particular reference to conservation, include Papua New Guinea Conservation Needs Assessment (1993, [Port Moresby]), ed. B. M. Beehler; Papua New Guinea Country Study on Biological Diversity (1994, [Port Moresby]), ed. N. Sekhran and S. Miller; and Lokakarya penentuan prioritas konservasi keanekaragaman hayati Irian Jaya [Biak, 7–12 January 1997]: laporan akhir/ The Irian Jaya Biodiversity Conservation Priority-Setting Workshop [Biak, 7–12 January 1997]: Final Report (1999, Washington, D.C.), ed. J. Supriatna. All are generously furnished with tables and many maps from which some idea of the present state of knowledge can be gained; they form parts of chapters (or sections) on biodiversity (the 1993 report features treatments of individual biotic groups or environments). For plants may be added the chapter on New Guinea by P. F. Stevens (pp. 120–132) in Floristic inventory of tropical countries (1989, New York), ed. D. G. Campbell and H. D. Hammond.
SERIAL PUBLICATIONS AND PERIODICALS
Important general series are Nova Guinea (1909–1966, Leiden); Results of the Arch-bold Expeditions (American Museum of Natural History, and (for plants) the New York Botanical Garden and the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University)—the papers in the AMNH Bulletin being numbered; the several numbers of the CSIRO Land Research Series pertaining to present-day Papua New Guinea; the Christensen Research Institute Publications; and the Wau Ecology Institute Handbooks. Useful for exploration and topography (and rich in maps) are Mitteilungen aus den deutschen Schutzgebieten (1888–1929, Berlin) and its Ergänzungshefte (1908–1930, Berlin) and, for German New Guinea, Nachrichten über Kaiser-Wilhelms-Land und den Bismarck-Archipel (1885–1998). For British New Guinea (and Papua) the Annual Reports for 1884–1885 to 1913–1914 similarly contain much that is useful, with some specifically biotic appendices.
Current and past outlets in Australia include the publications of Queensland Museum, Queensland Herbarium (Austrobaileya), University of Queensland, Australian Museum, South Australian Museum, National Herbarium of New South Wales (Telopea), Australian Journal of Systematic Botany, and the Linnean Society of New South Wales.
Elsewhere, for Asia Gardens Bulletin, Singapore, and Reinwardtia and its predecessors (Bogor) may also be mentioned, along with the Bulletins of the National Science Museum (Tokyo) and Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory. In Britain Kew Bulletin as well as the Bulletins of the British Museum (Natural History)/ Natural History Museum have run results based in whole or in part on collections from New Guinea. On the European continent Flora Malesiana (1948–, now based at Leiden) is a key reference but still far from complete; for the nearer term, much research has appeared in the serial Blumea, another Leiden-based publication. Beiträge zur Flora von Papuasien (1912–1942, with 150 contributions in Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie) remains historically important, along with some other German publications including Pflanzenreich as well as those from the Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin. For bryophytes, Acta Botanica Fennica (Helsinki) embodies a substantial amount of recent research. In the United States of America, for entomology mention should be made of several Bishop Museum series (Pacific Insects; Pacific Insects Monographs; Journal of Medical Entomology; and Insects of Micronesia). For zoology in general there have been many outlets, but because of the Archbold Expeditions the Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History has been very significant.
Local journals include those of the (now defunct) Papua New Guinea Scientific Society; the PNG Agricultural Journal (now PNG Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries); the PNG Medical Journal; and Science in New Guinea. The PNG Wildlife Division reports as well as the Botanical Bulletins of the PNG Division of Botany may also be mentioned.
EXPLORATION
For general exploration