Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion. Группа авторов

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Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion - Группа авторов


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      As presented previously, CFD modeling has proved a beneficial tool for the modeling of CCSU technologies, thus helping to get insight into problems where experimental measurements cannot be obtained or analytical solutions are impossible. Process simulations on the other hand are used in order to provide information for the design and operation of entire plants. Both CFD and process simulations have their advantages and disadvantages when applied separately, but the combination of both techniques to run in parallel and live feedback each other would offer new opportunities to analyze and optimize the overall plant performance.

Schematic illustration of the pressure maps within PBR reactors obtained using CFD simulations to shed light on the pressure distribution of three geometric configurations: (a) fractal-inspired shape, (b) multi-tubular, and (c) serpentine.

      Source: Adapted from Tao et al. (2019).

      The above examples show the benefits of the co‐simulation approach, in allowing the detailed interactions between fluid mechanics, heat transfer, reaction, and control strategy to be examined, and give valuable outputs to the design and operational model. The aforementioned examples also show that there is a lot to be done, given the scarcity of CFD process co‐simulation studies published in the literature. For instance, and to the best of the author's knowledge, no co‐simulation study has been reported regarding carbon utilization. As previously mentioned however, the combination of CFD and process simulations will certainly lead to significant research outcomes, especially in cases with CO2 utilization where new catalysts (CFD) need to be tested in a reactor (part of a bigger process simulation) in which steady‐state performance, dynamics, and control strategy depend on mixing and fluid flow behavior. More specifically, in the area of methanation, there are two different aspects that need to be combined: the methanation reactor configuration and the catalysts. Not only is the reactor design clearly influenced by the catalyst applied, its activity, and selectivity, but also are up‐ and downstream processes [69]. A tight interfacing between CFD calculations for the performance assessment of a given catalyst and process simulation tools for the reactor design will open the possibility for process modeling on a detailed and optimized approach.

      It is evident from the aforementioned examples that the combination of process simulations and CFD will lead to a future with improved and optimized CCSU technologies. Also, the combination and implementation of different control strategies shall also provide an extra benefit.

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