Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion. Группа авторов

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Engineering Solutions for CO2 Conversion - Группа авторов


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Methanation of carbon dioxide by using membrane reactor integrated with water vapor permselective membrane and its analysis. J. Membr. Sci. 131: 237–247.

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       Sonia Remiro‐Buenamañana, Laura Navarrete, Julio García‐Fayos, Sara Escorihuela, Sonia Escolástico, and José M. Serra

       Instituto de Tecnología Química (Universitat Politècnica de València‐Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas), Av. de los Naranjos s/n, Valencia, E‐46022, Spain

      The growing interest of the scientific community toward global warming and its consequences over environment has led to investigate new energy resources in order to decrease the dependence on fossil fuels. Combustion processes, mainly represented by power generation and industry sectors, account for more than 50% of CO2 emissions, increasing at a rate of 2.5 per year with a worldwide amount of 33.1 GtCO2 during 2018 [1]. Therefore, these processes are the main source of the total CO2 emitted to the atmosphere. As part of the greenhouse effect mitigation, efforts have been made toward decreasing these atmospheric CO2 emissions. The most considered actions are to capture the CO2 from point source emissions [2] and to use it as a feedstock to valuable chemicals and fuels [3].

Schematic illustration of the gas transport through a membrane.

      Regarding the different applications, membrane reactors have demonstrated to be promising candidates to tackle climate change, decreasing the levels of CO2 by using it in capture–conversion technologies to obtain valuable chemicals [10, 11]. The present chapter describes a range of approaches toward CO2 capture–conversion in the context of catalytic membranes. Because of the extension of the field, this chapter will briefly summarize different types of gas separation and gas absorption membranes that are currently being investigated for CO2 applications.

      Polymer materials for gas separation membranes have been widely used for different applications in the past three decades. Although the first recorded description of a semipermeable membrane was in 1748 [12], followed by the observation of the permeation of H2 through balloons in 1831 [13], it was not until the late 1970s when several experiments demonstrated the great commercial potential of polymeric gas separation membranes [14].

      (3.1)rho equals upper D dot upper S

      Diffusion coefficient is related to the kinetic terms, and it reflects the mobility of the individual molecules in the membrane material. In other words, it depends on the molecular size of the target gas (step ii). On the other hand, solubility coefficient links the concentration of a component in the fluid phase with its concentration in the membrane polymer phase and reflects the number of molecules dissolved in the membrane material (step i and iii). It depends on molecular interaction; hence, it is an equilibrium term [15].

      Regarding


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