---

Скачать книгу

---

Baku and Xankandi (Stepanakert, Nagorno-Karabakh region) remain far apart on most substantive issues from the placement and composition of a peacekeeping force to the enclave's ultimate political status, and prospects for a negotiated settlement remain dim.

      Map—

      Location: 40 30 N, 47 30 E—Southwestern Asia, bordering the

       Caspian Sea, between Iran and Russia

      Flag——

      Description: three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), red, and green; a crescent and eight-pointed star in white are centered in red band

      Geography————

      Location: Southwestern Asia, bordering the Caspian Sea, between

       Iran and Russia

      Geographic coordinates: 40 30 N, 47 30 E

      Map references: Commonwealth of Independent States

      Area:

       total area: 86,600 sq km

       land area: 86,100 sq km

       comparative area: slightly larger than Maine

       note: includes the exclave of Naxcivan Autonomous Republic and the

       Nagorno-Karabakh region; the region's autonomy was abolished by

       Azerbaijani Supreme Soviet on 26 November 1991

      Land boundaries:

       total: 2,013 km

       border countries: Armenia (with Azerbaijan-proper) 566 km, Armenia

       (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan exclave) 221 km, Georgia 322 km, Iran

       (with Azerbaijan-proper) 432 km, Iran (with Azerbaijan-Naxcivan

       exclave) 179 km, Russia 284 km, Turkey 9 km

      Coastline: 0 km (landlocked)

       note: Azerbaijan borders the Caspian Sea (800 km, est.)

      Maritime claims: none (landlocked)

      International disputes: violent and longstanding dispute with ethnic Armenians of Nagorno-Karabakh over its status; Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined

      Climate: dry, semiarid steppe

      Terrain: large, flat Kur-Araz Lowland (much of it below sea level)

       with Great Caucasus Mountains to the north, Qarabag (Karabakh)

       Upland in west; Baku lies on Abseron (Apsheron) Peninsula that juts

       into Caspian Sea

       lowest point: Caspian Sea −28 m

       highest point: Bazarduzu Dagi 4,485 m

      Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, nonferrous

       metals, alumina

      Land use:

       arable land: 18%

       permanent crops: 4%

       meadows and pastures: 25%

       forest and woodland: 0%

       other: 53%

      Irrigated land: 14,010 sq km (1990)

      Environment:

       current issues: local scientists consider the Abseron (Apsheron)

       Peninsula (including Baku and Sumqayit) and the Caspian Sea to be

       the ecologically most devastated area in the world because of severe

       air, water, and soil pollution; soil pollution results from the use

       of DDT as a pesticide and also from toxic defoliants used in the

       production of cotton

       natural hazards: droughts; some lowland areas threatened by rising

       levels of the Caspian Sea

       international agreements: party to - Climate Change; signed, but not

       ratified - Biodiversity

      Geographic note: landlocked

      People———

      Population: 7,676,953 (July 1996 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 32% (male 1,270,812; female 1,215,781)

       15–64 years: 61% (male 2,293,688; female 2,423,222)

       65 years and over: 7% (male 179,048; female 294,402) (July 1996 est.)

      Population growth rate: 0.78% (1996 est.)

      Birth rate: 22.28 births/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Death rate: 8.69 deaths/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Net migration rate: −5.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1996 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.61 male(s)/female

       all ages: 0.95 male(s)/female (1996 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 74.5 deaths/1,000 live births (1996 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 64.84 years male: 60.13 years female: 69.78 years (1996 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 2.64 children born/woman (1996 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Azerbaijani(s) adjective: Azerbaijani

      Ethnic divisions: Azeri 90%, Dagestani Peoples 3.2%, Russian 2.5%,

       Armenian 2.3%, other 2% (1995 est.)

       note: almost all Armenians live in the separatist Nagorno-Karabakh

       region

      Religions: Muslim 93.4%, Russian Orthodox 2.5%, Armenian Orthodox

       2.3%, other 1.8% (1995 est.)

       note: religious affiliation is still nominal in Azerbaijan; actual

       practicing adherents are much lower

      Languages: Azeri 89%, Russian 3%, Armenian 2%, other 6% (1995 est.)

      Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1989 est.)

       total population: 97%

       male: 99%

       female: 96%

      Government—————

      Name of country:

       conventional long form: Azerbaijani Republic

       conventional short form: Azerbaijan

       local long form: Azarbaycan Respublikasi

       local short form: none

       former: Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic

      Data code: AJ

      Type of government: republic

      Capital: Baku (Baki)

      Administrative divisions: 59 rayons (rayonlar; rayon - singular),

       11 cities* (saharlar; sahar - singular), 1 autonomous republic**

       (muxtar respublika); Abscron Rayonu, Agcabadi Rayonu, Agdam Rayonu,

       Agdas Rayonu, Agstafa Rayonu, Agsu Rayonu, AliBayramli Sahari*,

       Astara Rayonu, Baki Sahari*, Balakan Rayonu, Barda Rayonu, Beylaqan

       Rayonu, Bilasuvar Rayonu, Cabrayil Rayonu, Calilabad Rayonu,

       Daskasan Rayonu, Davaci Rayonu, Fuzuli Rayonu, Gadabay Rayonu, Ganca

       Sahari*, Goranboy Rayonu, Goycay Rayonu, Haciqabul Rayonu, Imisli

       Rayonu, Ismayilli Rayonu, Kalbacar Rayonu, Kurdamir Rayonu, Lacin

       Rayonu, Lankaran Rayonu, Lankaran Sahari*, Lerik Rayonu, Masalli

      

---

Скачать книгу