Design and Development of Efficient Energy Systems. Группа авторов

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Design and Development of Efficient Energy Systems - Группа авторов


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denotes Carbon Monoxide, Hydrogen sulphide and Methane sensor datas and n,m, p denotes the range of the datas.

      All these major components are connected in the arduino board with connecting wires and fitted in the required places (underground drainage pipes) where damaged occurred. It will easily detect the gases and also the leakage of pipes in that specific area. It also gives a notification to the authorities about the leakage by a message and it is able to identify the location by GSM module and fix the problem as soon as possible.

      3.3.2 Crack Detection

      A threshold distance is set, by measuring the distance between the sensor and the surface of the track. At the time of inspection, if the distance exceeds or is less than the threshold distance, it indicates that a crack is present on the track. When a crack as such is detected, the cart stops there. This is the first level of testing.

      As a second level of testing, once the cart stops, a camera attached to the front of the cart is triggered on. This camera then takes a picture of the track where the crack is present. This picture is then sent to the Amazon S3 bucket and image processing is performed on the captured image. This is done so as to detect if it is a major or a minor crack.

      In case of a major crack, the cart will store the GPS location and return to the previous checkpoint. In case of a minor crack, the cart will continue with its inspection. In either case, the GPS location and the details of the crack and the status are stored in Amazon EC2 and are sent immediately to the concerned authorities to be rectified as soon as possible.

Schematic illustration of the automated system.

      For the development of the cart, 12V DC motors can be used. Motor controller L298N is used to control the movement of the cart. Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 sends high-frequency sound waves and calculates the distance of the reflected wave. This sensor detects the minute defects with high accuracy. This is a non-destructive testing method.

       Raspberry Pi 3:

      RPi is a low-cost, small credit-card-sized computer. RPi3 is faster than Arduino.

       Cloud server and Image processing:

      Host server is AWS EC2. Date, time, message status, ID, sensor value, latitude and longitude are stored in the EC2 database. A picture of the defect is taken and stored in AWS S3 bucket. Gaussian Mixture Model can be used for image processing which comes under supervised learning.

      3.3.3 Experimental Setup

       Gas Sensor

       Ultrasonic Sensor

      Ultrasonic robots for break location contain transducers arranged at an alternate point to the channel divider. This guarantees ultrasonic shear waves spread along a 45° way through the divider. Both inward and outside splits mirror the vitality.

       GPS

      The GPS module L10 brings the superior of the MTK situating motor to the monetary norm. The L10 bolsters 210 PRN channels. This adaptable, independent recipient consolidates a careful exhibit of highlights with adaptable availability choices. Their straightforward combination prompts quick time-to-advertise during a wide determination of car, customer and modern applications.

Photo depicts gas sensor.

       GSM Module (Global System for Mobile Communications):

Photo depicts raspberry pi. Schematic illustration of the leakage detection.

      A portable application, usually alluded to as an application, is a sort of use programming intended to run on a cell phone, for example, or tablet PC. Portable applications as often as possible serve to give clients comparative administrations to those found on PCs. Applications are commonly little, singular programming units with constrained capacity. This utilization of application programming was initially promoted by Apple Inc. Its App Store offers a large number of utilizations for the iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch.

      A versatile application likewise might be known as an application, web application, online application, iPhone application or cell phone application.

      The trial investigation of both article recognition and following as far as subjective and quantitative is given below.

      Despite the ban on manual scavenging in India, over 300 deaths due to


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