Developmental Psychopathology. Группа авторов

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Developmental Psychopathology - Группа авторов


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For example, research conducted as part of the RDoC initiative might not look at the symptom or surface level differences between different anxiety disorders defined by the DSM. Instead, studies might look at a certain symptom typically associated with anxiety disorders, such as fear, and study the neurobiological mechanisms, and endophenotypes, underlying fear so that we can better understand how or why a person might develop this specific symptom (see Figure 1.2).

      The Hierarchical Taxonomy of The Psychopathology (Hitop) System

Tabe depicting How the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) Matrix Guides Research

Tabular representation of the limitations of Approaches to Diagnosis and Classification of Psychopathology

      This introductory chapter was meant to provide you with an understanding of traditional approaches to diagnosing and classifying psychopathology. We reviewed five diagnostic or classification systems and the limitations of these approaches. Finally, we gave you a preview of how a developmental psychopathology approach to conceptualizing psychopathology in children and adolescents can address the limitations of previous diagnostic systems.

      1 Clark, L. A., Cuthbert, B., Lewis‐Fernández, R., Narrow, W. E., & Reed, G. M. (2017). Three approaches to understanding and classifying mental disorder: ICD‐11, DSM‐5, and the National Institute of Mental Health’s Research Domain Criteria (RDoC). Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 18(2), 72–145. doi: 10.1177/1529100617727266.

      2 Insel, T., Cuthbert, B., Garvey, M., Heinssen, R., Pine, D. S., Quinn, K., Sanislow, C., & Wang, P. (2010). Research domain criteria (RDoC): Toward a new classification framework for research on mental disorders. Available at: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20595427/.

      3 Kotov, R., Krueger, R. F., Watson, D., Achenbach, T. M., Althoff, R. R., Bagby, R. M., & Eaton, N. R. (2017). The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): A dimensional alternative to traditional nosologies. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 126(4), 454.

      4 Regier, D. A., Kuhl, E. A., & Kupfer, D. J. (2013). The DSM‐5: Classification and criteria changes. World Psychiatry, 12(2), 92–98.

      1 Discuss at least three purposes of classification and diagnostic systems for psychopathology.

      2 Compare and contrast the categorical approach to classifying psychopathology of the DSM‐5 with at least one of the dimensional approaches to classifying psychopathology. Make a list of advantages and disadvantages for each approach.

      3 Are dimensional approaches to thinking about psychopathology superior to categorical approaches? Provide evidence for your answer.

      Abnormal, in the context of psychopathology, can be defined as behaviors, emotions, and cognitions that deviate from the norm (culturally or developmentally) and cause distress, impairment in functioning, or endanger an individual or those around them.

      Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) is a hybrid (categorical and dimensional) model for diagnosing personality disorders found in Section III of the DSM‐5.

      Categorical refers to an approach to classification of psychopathology that distinguishes between different forms of psychopathology by grouping symptoms to create distinct categories of diagnoses.

      Classification is the act of categorizing things according to a set of criteria.

      Continuum


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