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nation's difficulties in 1998–2002. The majority of the population

       continues to suffer from insufficient food, clothing, housing, and

       medical care, and a dearth of jobs, problems exacerbated by

       political uncertainties and the general level of lawlessness.

       International efforts to rebuild Afghanistan were addressed at the

       Tokyo Donors Conference for Afghan Reconstruction in January 2002,

       when $4.5 billion was pledged, $1.7 billion for 2002. Of that

       approximately $900 million was directed to humanitarian aid - food,

       clothing, and shelter - and another $90 million for the Afghan

       Transitional Authority. Further World Bank and other aid came in

       2003. Priority areas for reconstruction include upgrading education,

       health, and sanitation facilities; providing income generating

       opportunities; enhancing administrative and security arrangements,

       especially in regional areas; developing the agricultural sector;

       rebuilding transportation, energy, and telecommunication

       infrastructure; and reabsorbing 2 million returning refugees. The

       replacement of the opium trade - which may account for one-third of

       GDP - and the search for oil and gas resources in the northern

       region are two major long-term issues.

      GDP:

       purchasing power parity - $19 billion (2002 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate:

       NA%

      GDP - per capita:

       purchasing power parity - $700 (2002 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 60% industry: 20% services: 20% (1990 est.)

      Population below poverty line:

       NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share:

       lowest 10%: NA%

       highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       NA%

      Labor force:

       10 million (2000 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation:

       agriculture 80%, industry 10%, services 10% (1990 est.)

      Unemployment rate:

       NA%

      Budget:

       revenues: $200 million

       expenditures: $550 million, including capital expenditures of $NA

       (2003 plan est.)

      Industries:

       small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture, shoes,

       fertilizer, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal, copper

      Industrial production growth rate:

       NA%

      Electricity - production:

       334.8 million kWh (2001)

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 36.3% hydro: 63.7% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0%

      Electricity - consumption:

       511.4 million kWh (2001)

      Electricity - exports:

       0 kWh (2001)

      Electricity - imports:

       200 million kWh (2001)

      Oil - production:

       0 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       3,500 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       NA (2001)

      Oil - imports:

       NA (2001)

      Oil - proved reserves:

       0 bbl (37257)

      Natural gas - production:

       220 million cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

       220 million cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

       49.98 billion cu m (37257)

      Agriculture - products:

       opium, wheat, fruits, nuts, wool, mutton, sheepskins, lambskins

      Exports:

       $1.2 billion (not including illicit exports) (2001 est.)

      Exports - commodities:

       opium, fruits and nuts, handwoven carpets, wool, cotton, hides and

       pelts, precious and semi-precious gems

      Exports - partners:

       Pakistan 26.8%, India 26.5%, Finland 5.8%, Germany 5.1%, UAE 4.4%,

       Belgium 4.3%, Russia 4.2%, US 4.2% (2002)

      Imports:

       $1.3 billion (2001 est.)

      Imports - commodities:

       capital goods, food, textiles, petroleum products

      Imports - partners:

       Pakistan 25.1%, South Korea 14.4%, Japan 9.4%, US 9%, Kenya 5.8%,

       Germany 5.4% (2002)

      Debt - external:

       NA (1996 est.)

      Economic aid - recipient:

       international pledges made by more than 60 countries and

       international financial institutions at the Tokyo Donors Conference

       for Afghan reconstruction in January 2002 reached $4.5 billion

       through 2006, with $1.8 billion allocated for 2002; another $1.7

       billion was pledged for 2003.

      Currency:

       afghani (AFA)

      Currency code:

       AFA

      Exchange rates:

       afghanis per US dollar - 3,000 (October-December 2002), 3,000

       (2001), 3,000 (2000), 3,000 (1999), 3,000 (1998), note: before 2002

       the market rate varied widely from the official rate; in 2002 the

       afghani was revalued and the currency stabilized

      Fiscal year:

       21 March - 20 March

      Communications Afghanistan

      Telephones - main lines in use:

       29,000 (1998)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

       NA

      Telephone system:

       general assessment: very limited telephone and telegraph service

       domestic: in 1997, telecommunications links were established between

       Mazar-e Sharif, Herat, Kandahar, Jalalabad, and Kabul through

       satellite and microwave systems

       international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean)

      

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