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terrorist attacks. Other concerns include Berber unrest, large-scale

       unemployment, a shortage of housing, and the need to diversify the

       petroleum-based economy.

      Geography Algeria

      Location:

       Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco

       and Tunisia

      Geographic coordinates:

       28 00 N, 3 00 E

      Map references:

       Africa

      Area:

       total: 2,381,740 sq km

       water: 0 sq km

       land: 2,381,740 sq km

      Area - comparative:

       slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas

      Land boundaries:

       total: 6,343 km

       border countries: Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km,

       Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km

      Coastline:

       998 km

      Maritime claims:

       exclusive fishing zone: 32–52 NM

       territorial sea: 12 NM

      Climate:

       arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along

       coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau;

       sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer

      Terrain:

       mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow,

       discontinuous coastal plain

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Chott Melrhir −40 m

       highest point: Tahat 3,003 m

      Natural resources:

       petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc

      Land use: arable land: 3.21% permanent crops: 0.21% other: 96.58% (1998 est.)

      Irrigated land:

       5,600 sq km (1998 est.)

      Natural hazards:

       mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides and

       floods in rainy season

      Environment - current issues:

       soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices;

       desertification; dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes,

       and other industrial effluents is leading to the pollution of rivers

       and coastal waters; Mediterranean Sea, in particular, becoming

       polluted from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff;

       inadequate supplies of potable water

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the

       Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

       signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban

      Geography - note:

       second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan)

      People Algeria

      Population:

       32,818,500 (July 2003 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 32.8% (male 5,485,197; female 5,285,434)

       15–64 years: 63% (male 10,460,475; female 10,224,389)

       65 years and over: 4.2% (male 624,839; female 738,166) (2003 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 22.5 years

       male: 22.3 years

       female: 22.6 years (2002)

      Population growth rate:

       1.65% (2003 est.)

      Birth rate:

       21.94 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Death rate:

       5.09 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       −0.4 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.04 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.85 male(s)/female

       total population: 1.02 male(s)/female (2003 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 37.74 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 35.02 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)

       male: 40.34 deaths/1,000 live births

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 70.54 years

       male: 69.14 years

       female: 72.01 years (2003 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       2.55 children born/woman (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       0.1% - note: no country specific models provided (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       NA

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       NA

      Nationality:

       noun: Algerian(s)

       adjective: Algerian

      Ethnic groups:

       Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1%

      Religions:

       Sunni Muslim (state religion) 99%, Christian and Jewish 1%

      Languages:

       Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 70%

       male: 78.8%

       female: 61% (2003 est.)

      Government Algeria

      Country name:

       conventional long form: People's Democratic Republic of Algeria

       conventional short form: Algeria

       local short form: Al Jaza'ir

       local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Jaza'iriyah ad Dimuqratiyah ash

       Sha'biyah

      Government type:

       republic

      Capital:

       Algiers

      Administrative divisions:

       48 provinces (wilayas, singular - wilaya); Adrar, Ain Defla, Ain

       Temouchent, Alger, Annaba, Batna, Bechar, Bejaia, Biskra, Blida,

       Bordj Bou Arreridj, Bouira, Boumerdes, Chlef, Constantine, Djelfa,

       El Bayadh, El Oued, El Tarf, Ghardaia, Guelma, Illizi, Jijel,

      

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